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June 14, 2012 A Brief History of the Biblical Gospel
Topic Started: Oct 3 2013, 08:16 PM (476 Views)
lightninboy

Dave Hunt (2001)

Christian apologist and founder of The Berean Call

“Paul declared that the gospel is ‘the power of God unto salvation to every one that believeth (Rom 1:16). There is no clearer statement that salvation through being ‘born again’ into God’s family as His children comes only by believing what Paul called ‘the gospel of your salvation’ (Eph 1:13) and ‘the gospel…by which also ye are saved’ (1 Cor 15:1-2). Paul defined that gospel as ‘how that Christ died for our sins according to the [Old Testament] scriptures; and that he was buried, and that he rose again the third day according to the [O.T.] scriptures; and that he was seen [alive by many]…’ (1 Cor 15:3-5).”130


Roger Congdon (2002)

Professor of Bible and Theology, Multnomah Bible College, Chairman of Child Evangelism Fellowship of Greater Portland, and Founder of Bible Truth Forum

“God proclaims the true gospel in I Cor. 15:1-5…The gospel includes four historical facts concerning the God-man Christ Jesus, the object of saving faith: 1. He died for our sins. 2. He was buried. 3. He rose again on the third day. 4. He was seen by many witnesses.”131


Gary Gromacki (2002)

Associate Professor of Bible and Homiletics, Baptist Bible Seminary

“The gospel of Jesus Christ concerns the death, burial, resurrection and appearances of Jesus.”132


William A. BeVier (2002)

Instructor in Historical Theology at Dallas Theological Seminary and President of Detroit Bible College

“When one reads John 3:16-18; 3:36; 5:24; Acts 16:31; Eph. 2:8-9, and the sermons of Peter and Paul in the book of Acts, nothing is seen referring us to the constellations of heaven in order to be reconciled to God and have our sins forgiven. The true Gospel is clearly defined in 1 Corinthians 15:1-5 and how to save us from sins, but nothing is said about the heavenly constellations. Paul wrote to Timothy: ‘Preach the Word” (logon, God’s Word), not about the stars.”133

"The Work of Christ has to do with His death for sins, burial, resurrection, and appearances to witnesses. The Apostle Paul defines this as the Gospel (the ‘Good News’) in 1 Corinthians [1]5:1-5. He wrote: Moreover, brethren, I declare unto you the gospel which I preached unto you, which also you have received, and in which you stand; by which also you are saved, if you keep in memory what I preached unto you, unless you have believed in vain [context that follows shows the issue was the reality of Christ’s resurrection – no salvation without it]. For I delivered unto you first of all that which I also received, that Christ died for our sins according to the Scriptures; and that He was buried, and that He rose again the third day according to the Scriptures; and that He was seen of Cephas, then of the twelve,…
Paul also affirms there is only one Gospel and any other purported to be brings condemnation. See Galatians 1:6-9 where he wrote: I marvel that you are so soon removed from Him who called you into the grace of Christ unto another gospel, which is not another; but there are some who trouble you, and would pervert the gospel of Christ. But though we, or an angel from heaven, preach another gospel unto you than that which we have preached unto you, let him be accursed [Greek: anathema]. As we said before, so say I now again, if any one preach any other gospel unto you than that you have received, let him be accursed [anathema].
Paul had no doubt there is only one true Gospel and any departure from it brings condemnation.
A review of the book of Acts reveals the Gospel of 1 Corinthians 15:1-5ff is what the early church proclaimed. See Acts 1:22; 2:22-24, 30-32; 3:15-26; 4:1-2, 8-12, 33; 5:19-32; 10:38-43; 13:28-38; 17:2-3, 18-19, 31-34; 23:6-8; 24:14-21; 25:18-19; 26:6-8, 22-23. They preached no other message to unbelievers.
The Work of Christ is His death for sins according to the Old Testament Scripture, e.g., Psa. 22; Isa. 53, His burial (proof of His death), His resurrection according to the Scripture, e.g., Psa. 16:10, then His appearances to witnesses, proof of His resurrection."134


James D. G. Dunn (2003)

Emeritus Lightfoot Professor of Divinity in the Department of Theology at the University of Durham, England

“Key texts [include]…1 Cor 15:3-5 because it is Paul’s fullest explicit statement of the gospel which he preached and on which his churches were founded”.135

“Paul’s gospel includes God’s raising of Jesus on the third day. Reference to the burial of Christ is included in the summary of the gospel quoted in 1 Cor. 15 to underlie the reality of his death and to confirm that the appearances of the risen Christ were neither hallucinations nor the mere revival of memories of Jesus before his death. The sequence ‘died’, ‘buried’, ‘raised’, ‘appeared’ implies that on the third day, the tomb was empty. The passive verb ‘was raised’ implies God’s involvement. As we have noted at several points, the gospel is God’s dynamic, salvific act through Christ.”136


Rick Whitmire (2003)

President of Go Tell Evangelism, and Co-Founder of the Free Grace Seminary in Hampton, Georgia

“Romans 1:16 – ‘For I am not ashamed of the gospel of Christ: for it is the power of God unto salvation to every one that believeth; to the Jew first, and also to the (Gentiles).’…

The Apostle Paul Defines the Gospel:

1 Corinthians 15:3-5 – ‘For I delivered unto you first of all that which I also received, how that Christ DIED for our sins according to the scriptures: And that He was BURIED, and that He ROSE again the third day according to the scripture: And that He was SEEN...’

The Apostle Paul summarizes the most basic ingredients of the gospel message, namely, the death, burial, resurrection, and appearances of the resurrected Christ.

a. This is the one place where the historical elements of the gospel are clearly defined.

Our responsibility is to make the gospel clear and Biblical. But in order to do so, we must have a clear understanding of what the gospel means in the New Testament. These verses, give us the heart of the gospel. Note the four clauses introduced in verses 3-5.

b. The Apostles [sic] Paul in defining the gospel uses four verbs:

1). Christ Died. ...
2). Christ was Buried. ...
3). Christ Rose. ...
4). Christ was Seen.”137


Alan F. Johnson (2004)

Emeritus Professor of New Testament and Christian Ethics and Emeritus Director of the Center for Applied Christian Ethics, Wheaton College

“In [1 Corinthians 15] verses 3-8 Paul succinctly sets forth the essential matters that are of first importance (‘foremost’ or ‘top priority’) that he himself received and passed on to the Corinthians. This is the earliest creedal formulation the church possesses (A.D. 53). Since it has been received by Paul, it is shared not just by Paul and the Corinthians but by all Christians. The Christian confessional statement contains four historical events: (1) Christ died for our sins according to the Scriptures, (2) he was buried, (3) he was raised on the third day according to the Scriptures, and (4) he appeared to Peter. All of these are historical events in time and space, and they are linked as if in a golden chain.”138
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Ray Pritchard (2004, 2005)

President of Keep Believing Ministries

“1 Corinthians 15:1-6 contains a concise summary of the gospel. Paul even says in verse 1, ‘I want to remind you of the gospel I preached to you.’ Then he goes on to spell out the gospel in verses 4-5, ‘For what I received I passed on to you as of first importance: that Christ died for our sins according to the Scriptures, that he was buried, that he was raised on the third day according to the Scriptures, and that he appeared to Peter, and then to the Twelve.’ Notice how clearly he lays out the gospel message:

A) He was crucified
B) He was buried
C) He was raised on the third day
D) He appeared

Or you might look at it in two parts:

1. He was crucified. Proof: He was buried.
2. He was raised. Proof: He was seen.

Either way the result is the same. Paul regarded the burial of Jesus as an essential part of the gospel message. When he preached the gospel, he included the burial of Jesus in his message.”139

“First Corinthians 15:1-6 contains a concise summary of the gospel: ‘Now I would remind you, brothers, of the gospel I preached to you’ (v. 1). Then he goes on to spell out the gospel in verses 3-5: ‘For I delivered to you as of first importance what I also received: that Christ died for our sins in accordance with the Scriptures, that he was buried, that he was raised on the third day in accordance with the Scriptures, and that he appeared to Cephas, then to the twelve.’ Notice how clearly he lays out the gospel message:

• He was crucified.
• He was buried.
• He was raised on the third day.
• He appeared.

Paul regarded the burial of Jesus as an essential part of the gospel message.”140


John Stott (2006)

Rector Emeritus of All Souls Church, Langham Place, England

“When later in the same letter [Paul] wished to remind [the Corinthians] of his gospel which he had himself received and had handed on to them, which had become the foundation on which they were standing and the good news by which they were being saved, what was ‘of first importance’ (he said) was ‘that Christ died for our sins according to the Scriptures, that he was buried, that he was raised on the third day according to the Scriptures, and that he appeared’ (1 Cor. 15:1-5).”141


Ken Daughters (2006)

President of Emmaus Bible College, Dubuque, Iowa

“I also suggest that we’re not allowed to change the message, which is the gospel itself. It’s taught to us in I Corinthians 15:3-5 that 'Christ died for us according to the scriptures, that He was buried, that He was raised on the third day and that He appeared.' It continues in passages such as Acts 17:30-31 where ‘God is now declaring to men that all people everywhere should repent because He’s fixed a day in which He will judge the world in righteousness.’ Our response is summarized in Acts 16:31, ‘Believe on the Lord Jesus and you will be saved, you and your household.’ This is the good news that we proclaim. We cannot change the message.”142


Keith Krell (2007)

Senior Pastor of Emmanuel Bible Fellowship, Olympia, Washington

“In [1 Corinthians] 15:3-5, Paul is going to clearly and succinctly share the core elements of the gospel. He writes, ‘For I delivered to you as of first importance what I also received, that Christ died for our sins according to the Scriptures, and that He was buried, and that He was raised on the third day according to the Scriptures, and that He appeared to Cephas, then to the twelve.’.…Here are the facts of the gospel.

Fact 1: ‘Christ died for our sins.’….
Fact 2: ‘Christ was buried.’….
Fact 3: ‘Christ was raised.’….
Fact 4: ‘Christ was seen.’….

Now that we have looked at the facts of faith, can I ask you a question? Do you know the gospel better than you know sports statistics, movie lines, and song lyrics? Could you preach the gospel message in your sleep? Are you that comfortable presenting the facts of faith? If not, you should be. There is no more important message in this world.”143


Antonio da Rosa (2007)

Host of the Free Grace Theology blog

“In the 1st Corinthians passage, we have four co-ordinate clauses that make up Paul’s gospel message, all divided by the Greek ‘kai hoti’ (‘and that’)

1 Cor 15:3ff
For I delivered unto you first of all that which I also received:

THAT Christ died…
AND THAT He was buried
AND THAT He rose again…
AND THAT He was seen….

These 4 coordinate clauses…instruct us as to what Paul’s gospel was (in other words, the message which he couched the promise of eternal life in).”144


Steve Crouch (2007)

Pastor of Bay Area Seventh Day Baptist Church, Bay Area, California

“Paul had an answer to bad theology, and that’s good theology. In 1 Corinthians 15, Paul started out, ‘Now, brothers, I want to remind you of the gospel I preached to you…’ Paul had been to Corinth before, and he had taught these people the Gospel of Jesus Christ – you can read about it in Acts 18. These people had heard the Gospel, had believed it, and were saved. But now Paul found out that some things weren’t going well in the Corinthians church. So in chapter 15, it’s back to square one, the basics of the Gospel. And you can sum it up in four main words: Christ died, he was buried, he was raised, and he appeared. That is more than four words, but in the original language, each of these verbs, these four things Christ did, is one word….we could call them ‘The Four Things Jesus Did.’ These are teachings that you can’t compromise – you can’t change them, and you can’t ignore them. If you remove these, you don’t have the Christian faith anymore – you have something completely different.”145


Ralph Norwood (2008)

Pastor of Calvary Church, Charlotte, North Carolina (in the 1970's)

“WHAT IS THE GOSPEL? 1 Cor. 15:3-5 ‘For I delivered to you as of first importance what I received, that Christ died for our sins according to the Scriptures, and that He was buried, and that He was raised on the third day according to the Scriptures, and that He appeared to Cephas, then to the twelve.’
1. There are 4 verbs.
a. Christ DIED
b. Christ was BURIED
c. Christ was RAISED
d. Christ APPEARED. [It is in the passive voice.]
2. Note the subject of each is the same…. ‘CHRIST’
3. Comments:
a. Christ died: definite event…
b. Christ was buried: definite event [in the aorist tense]
c. Christ was raised: definite event [with a line following it…with lasting results].
Why was the tense of the verb changed on the resurrection?
4. NOTE THE COUPLETS.
a. Christ died and how do you know he died? HE WAS BURIED.
b. Christ was raised and how do you know He was raised? BECAUSE HE APPEARED….HE WAS SEEN.
5. Only ONE of the 4 verbs has the phrase ‘FOR OUR SINS’ added to it… ‘FOR OUR SINS’ is not connected to the BURIAL, RESURRECTION OR APPEARANCE….It is connected only with HIS DEATH.
a. His death dealt with our sins; The burial, resurrection and appearing did not. He was NOT raised for our sins…HE DIED FOR OUR SINS….
b. He died FOR which means ON BEHALF OF our sins.”146
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Phil Johnson (2008)

Pastor of the GraceLife fellowship group at Grace Community Church, Sun Valley, California

“Notice this phrase, ‘of first importance’ [in 1 Corinthians 15:3]….It’s speaking of the core gospel truths that are first in order of importance….These are the primary truths of the gospel. These are the most essential, fundamental, basic truths on which all other truths rest. And Paul enumerates them in four points. In fact, we’ll use those four points as our outline this morning. Here are four points of gospel truth that are foundational to every other truth of Christianity. These are the four basic, essential, first principles of gospel truth. They are the crucifixion, the burial, the resurrection, and the eyewitness evidence of the resurrection of Christ….And if you don’t believe in the literal, historical, biblical account of what occurred on that first Easter weekend, you haven’t really believed the gospel.”147


George Meisinger (2009)

President of Chafer Theological Seminary

“Paul reveals in [in Corinthians 15] verses 3b-5 what he considered top priority gospel content. The gospel includes many truths, but 15:3b-5 are the crucial priority of the gospel, which he would preach if he preached nothing else. ‘The stress is on the centrality of these doctrines to the gospel message.’”148

“Now [1 Corinthians] 15:3b-5 forms a unit that answers the question, what is Paul’s priority gospel content…With four ‘that’ ([hoti]) clauses, the apostle boldly puts forth what he preached/delivered and what the Corinthians received/believed for eternal salvation.

First Aspect of the Priority Content: Christ died for our sins according to the Scriptures (15:3b)….
Second Aspect of the Priority Content: He was buried (15:4a)….
Third Aspect of the Priority Content: He rose again the third day according to the Scriptures (15:4b)….
Fourth Aspect of the Priority Content: Christ was seen by multiple eyewitnesses….

The Corinthians, as did all audiences to which the other apostles preached, believed/received the gospel in keeping with the priority content identified in [1 Corinthians] 15:3b-5. It is this content the Corinthians received/believed so that Paul may elsewhere say that they are sanctified in Christ Jesus (1:2, cf. 1:30), washed and justified (6:11), and forgiven (15:17)….1 Corinthians 15:3b-5 when received/believed results in forgiveness.”149

“Paul plainly makes known a sufficient gospel. He received it (from Jesus Christ Himself, Galatians 1:11-12), preached/delivered it as did other apostles, and the Corinthians as thousands of others throughout the Roman Empire received/believed it. What did they preach and receive: Christ died for our sins according to the scriptures, was buried, rose the third day according to the scriptures, and was seen by multiple eye-witnesses.”150


John Piper (2009)

Pastor for Preaching and Vision at Bethlehem Baptist Church, Minneapolis, Minnesota

“After saying in 1 Peter 1:23 that we are born again ‘through the living and abiding word of God,’ Peter says in verse 25, ‘This word is the good news that was preached to you.’ In other words, the word through which we are born again is ‘the good news that was preached to you.’ And what is that? What is that gospel or good news? It’s this:

Now I would remind you, brothers, of the gospel I preached to you, which you received, in which you stand, and by which you are being saved, if you hold fast to the word I preached to you – unless you believed in vain. For I delivered to you as of first importance what I also received: that Christ died for our sins in accordance with the Scriptures, that he was buried, that he was raised on the third day in accordance with the Scriptures, and that he appeared to Cephas, then to the twelve. (1 Cor. 15:1-5)”151


Allen P. Ross (2009)

Professor of Old Testament and Hebrew, Beeson Divinity School

“The theme of the book [of Romans] is the exposition of the Gospel of Jesus Christ. The apostle does not set out the details of the Gospel here; but we may gather from his other writings that the gospel is the good news of Christ’s death, burial, resurrection, and appearances together with the apostolic explanation of the doctrinal significance of these great facts (1 Cor. 15:1-5).”152


Scot McKnight (2009)

Karl A. Olsson Professor in Religious Studies, North Park University

“The foundation for Christian orthodoxy is 1 Corinthians 15:1-5 (most folks say 15:1-4, but I’m not sure that is the most natural of stopping points):

1 Now, brothers, I want to remind you of the gospel I preached to you, which you received and on which you have taken your stand. 2 By this gospel you are saved, if you hold firmly to the word I preached to you. Otherwise, you have believed in vain. 3 For what I received I passed on to you as of first importance: that Christ died for our sins according to the Scriptures, 4 that he was buried, that he was raised on the third day according to the Scriptures, 5 and that he appeared to Peter, and then to the Twelve.

I want to make a few observations….

First, the gospel is a narration of the saving events in the life of Jesus as they bring to fulfillment the Scriptures of Israel.

Second, the events in Jesus’ life are his life, his death, his burial, his resurrection and his appearances.

Third, this narrative forms the basis for salvation, understood here to include the forgiveness of sins. These events accomplish that salvation and the gospel therefore involves the appeal to believe in God’s redemption through these events.

Fourth, all of the early articulations of ‘orthodoxy’ — from the The Apostolic Tradition (Hippolytus of Rome) to Nicea to Chalcedon — are elaborations of this narrative.

Fifth, orthodoxy, then, in spite of the yacking of some today, is not speculative theology drawn simply from current philosophical debates but elaborations of the gospel, often in response to threats to that gospel.

Sixth, what is at stake in denying orthodoxy is not simply the ‘right ideas’ or ‘quaint’ ideas but the gospel itself. That which threatens the gospel is articulated by those who are most concerned with the gospel.

Seventh, theology that is done without the framing of the gospel narration of 1 Cor 15 is not gospel orthodoxy. In other words, orthodoxy is the faithful unfolding of that original gospel narrative of 1 Cor 15 and orthodoxy is faithfulness as well to the major unfolding of that gospel, including such things as the Apostles’ Creed, Nicea, Chalcedon, and the fundamental insights of the Reformation’s solas as they seek to elaborate the gospel narration.”153


Darrell Bock (2010)

Research Professor of New Testament Studies and Professor for Spiritual Development and Culture, Dallas Theological Seminary

“In fact, only to speak of Jesus dying for sin – even to speak of Jesus dying for sin and rising again – is to give only about half of the gospel message….Paul in 1 Cor 15:3-5 summarizes the gospel as the fact that Jesus ‘died for our sins according to the Scriptures, that He was buried, that He was raised on the third day according to the Scriptures, and that he appeared to Cephas.”154


Andy Stanley (2010)

Senior Pastor of Northpoint Community Church, Buckhead Church, and Browns Bridge Community Church, and Founder of North Point Ministries

“MOVING FORWARD
The gospel of Jesus Christ is clear: Christ died for our sins; he was buried; he was raised; he appeared. This is the foundational message behind the movement that continues today.

CHANGING YOUR MIND
For what I received I passed on to you as of first importance: that Christ died for our sins according to the Scriptures, that he was buried, that he was raised on the third day according to the Scriptures, and that he appeared to Cephas, and then to the Twelve.
1 Corinthians 15:3-5”155

"And so [the apostle Paul] brings to us in no uncertain terms, those of us who don't have an Old Testament background, those of us who weren't raised to look for a Messiah, those of us who weren't well versed with the Scripture, he brings to us the bottom line - the thing you can't ignore. And here's what it is; it's four simple statements: 'Christ died for our sins', 'He was buried', 'He was raised', 'He appeared'. That's it. 'Christ died for our sins', 'He was buried', 'He was raised', 'He appeared'. Let's just say it together, say it with me. Ready? 'Christ died for our sins', 'He was buried', 'He was raised', 'He appeared'. Again: 'Christ died for our sins', 'He was buried', 'He was raised', 'He appeared'. Here's what [Paul] was saying; he was saying: 'Look, I know, you know it was seven literal days of creation and what happened to the dinosaurs - don't worry about that. Here's what you need to know: Christ died for your sins, He was buried, He was raised, He appeared.' [Someone might object:] 'I know, but all the - I was reading like in Revelation and there was like all these horses and fire and the world comes to an end...' It's like [Paul's] going: 'Okay, we'll get to that. Here's what you need to know: Christ died for your sin, and He was buried - that's how we know He really died, and He was raised, and He appeared, and the way we know that He really rose from the dead is because He appeared. He died on the cross for your sins, and He was buried, and He was raised, and He appeared.' And yeah you got a lot of questions. And yeah you have never read the whole Old Testament. And yeah you can't really put together the way that the - all the different accounts of the resurrection, and there's lots of questions and you don't understand certain verses of the Bible and some of it's so complicated, and you think you have to go to seminary, and sometimes, you know, everybody else is to where they need to be in the Bible and you haven't even found your Bible yet, and there's just so much information - and the apostle Paul says: 'Okay, okay, okay, okay, let me just, here's the thing you got to know; here's the irreducible minimum, here's the part you just can't ever lose sight of: Christ died for your sins, and He was buried; He was raised from the dead, and He was seen' - and that's the gospel; that's the starting point. That's not the point you get to after you get all your questions answered. That's the thing you wrestle with. If you want to wrestle with whether or not Christianity is true, don't look at the Christians who disappointed you; don't attend a church that puts you to sleep; don't worry about the fact that your parents brought you up to be a Christian and then got divorced and your Dad ran off with somebody else. [Paul] says: 'Look, all that stuff is a distraction. If you're going to wrestle with Christianity; if you're gonna wrestle with the truth of the gospel - wrestle with this one thing: Did Christ die for your sins? And was He buried? And was He raised from the dead? And was He seen? That's it. That's the starting point. That's the stopping point. That's the gospel. That's the foundation. That's what it's all about.'"156
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Rick Adams (2011)

Pastor of Greater Portland Baptist Church, Portland, Oregon

“No doubt we have all become familiar with the marketing of 4G technology by the telephone companies promoting their state of the art cell phone service. Have you ever thought about what exactly does 3G or 4G mean?

In the cell phone business the ‘G’ stands for generation…but the marketing relevance or the main difference is speed and the ability of a particular cell phone to use and transfer data!

Romans 1:16 tells us that the Gospel is ‘the power of God unto salvation to every one that believeth; to the Jew first, and also to the Greek.’ The scriptural and spiritual relevance is obvious! The Gospel that has the power to save is now in our hands! …Our generation! Acts 1:8; Matt. 28:19-20

The Apostle Paul understood this when he said, ‘For though I preach the gospel, I have nothing to glory of: for necessity is laid upon me; yea, woe is unto me, if I preach not the gospel! For if I do this thing willingly, I have a reward: but if against my will, a dispensation of the gospel is committed unto me. 1 Corinthians 9:16-17

Let us understand clearly just what the Gospel message involves! Again Paul defines that for us! ‘Moreover, brethren, I declare unto you the gospel which I preached unto you, which also ye have received, and wherein ye stand; By which also ye are saved, if ye keep in memory what I preached unto you, unless ye have believed in vain. For I delivered unto you first of all that which I also received, how that Christ died for our sins according to the scriptures; And that he was buried, and that he rose again the third day according to the scriptures: And that he was seen of Cephas, then of the twelve:’ 1 Cor 15:1-5

‘The Gospel in 4G!’ is made up of four powerful components:

• The Death of Jesus Christ – God’s Payment for Sin!
• The Burial of Jesus Christ – God’s Proof of Sin Satisfied!
• The Resurrection of Jesus Christ – God’s Promise Fulfilled!
• The Witnesses of Jesus Christ – God’s Purpose Declared!”157


George Zeller (2010)

Assistant Pastor of Middletown Bible Church, Middletown, Connecticut

“The word ‘gospel’ means ‘good news’ or ‘glad tidings.’ What is the good news according to 1 Corinthians 15:1-5:

HE _[DIED]_ FOR OUR _[SINS]_ according to the Scriptures (verse 3).
HE WAS _[BURIED]_ (verse 4).
HE _[ROSE]_ AGAIN according to the Scriptures (verse 4).
HE WAS _[SEEN]_ (verse 5) by many different people.

Do all four Gospels present the GOOD NEWS that Christ died, was buried, rose again and was seen alive? _[YES!]_”158

“If I don’t like the message that Christ died for my sins, was buried, and rose again the third day, and that he was seen by eyewitnesses, can I just invent a new gospel?”159
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ENDNOTES:

1 Scripture quoted by permission. Quotations designated (NET) are from the NET Bible. Copyright © 2005 by Biblical Studies Press, L.L.C. www.bible.org. All rights reserved.

2 Ambrose, "LIBER DECIMUS, Expositio euangelii Lucae," Charles and Henry Schenkl, Editors, Corpus Scriptorum Ecclesiasticorum Latinorum, Vol. 32, Sancti Ambrossi Opera, Part 4, Expositio Euangelii Secundum Lucan (Vienna Austrian National Library: University of Caesarea Documents, 1902), pp. 522-523. Translated from the Latin with Google Translate.

3 Augustine, Sermon 362, “On the Resurrection of the Dead,” Edmund Hill and John E. Rotelle, Editors, Augustinian Heritage Institute, The Works of Saint Augustine (New York: New City Press, 1995), 3 Parts, 10 Vols., Part 3, Vol. 10, p. 250.

4 Augustine, “Sermons on Selected Lessons of the New Testament, Sermon LXVI,” Philip Schaff, Editor, A Select Library of the Nicene and Post-Nicene Fathers of the Christian Church (New York: The Christian Literature Company, 1888), Series 1, 14 Vols., Vol. 6, pp. 456-457, ellipsis added.

5 Cassian, “John Cassian, The Conferences, Part II. (xi. – xvii.),” Philip Schaff and Henry Wace, Editors, A Select Library of Nicene and Post-Nicene Fathers of the Christian Church (New York: The Christian Literature Company, 1894), Series 2, 14 Vols., Vol. 11, p. 438.

6 Bede, The Complete Works of Venerable Bede, J. A. Giles, Editor (London: Whittaker and Co., 1844), 8 Vols., Vol. 5, p. 382. Translated from the Latin with Google Translate.

7 Atto, “Expositio In Epistolas Paull – In Epist. 1 AD Cor.,” Jacques-Paul Migne, Editor, Patrologiae Cursus Completus, Series Secunda (Paris: Apud Garnier Fratres, 1853), p. 305, cf. Ibid., pp. 395-397. Translated from the Latin with Google Translate.

8 Lombard, In Omnes D. Pauli Apost. Epistolas Collectanea (Paris: Pro Haeredibus Iod. Badii Ascensii, 1535), p. 109, quotation marks, italics, and ellipsis added. Translated from the Latin with Google Translate.

9 Aquinas, Commentary on the First Epistle to the Corinthians, http://dhspriory.org/thomas/SS1Cor.htm#151, quotation marks added.

10 Wycliffe, “Paul’s Preaching the Gospel,” Writings of the Reverend and Learned John Wickliff (London: The Religious Tract Society, 1831), p. 219, italics his, ellipsis added. NOTE: This sermon was originally written around 1375.

11 Wycliffe, "Sermon XLV [1 Cor. 15:1-11]," Johann Loserth, Editor, Johannis Wyclif Sermones, Vol. 3 (London: Published for the Wyclif Society by Trubner and Co., 1889), p. 386, italics his. The reference to 1 Cor. 15: 3, 4, 5 is cited in the footnotes in the book. Translated from the Latin with Google Translate.

12 P. Isaaci Haberti, Theologiae Graecorum Patrum Vindicatae Circa Universam Materiam Gratiae (Wirceburgi: Typis Et Sumptibus Stahelianis, 1843), pp. 433-434, quotation marks and italics added. Translated from the Latin with Google Translate. NOTE: This book was originally published in 1647.

13 Bunyan, “A Vindication of Gospel Truths Opened,” Doctrinal Discourses (London: Thomas Ward and Co., no date), p. 133. NOTE: Bunyan’s Doctrinal Discourses was originally written in 1656.

14 Bunyan, George Offor, Editor, Profitable Meditations (London: John Camden Hotten, Piccadilly, 1860), 35. NOTE: Bunyan’s Profitable Meditations was originally written in 1661 from Bedford Jail.

15 Clarke, A Letter To Mr. Dodwell (London: the Crown in St. Paul’s Church-yard, 1731), p. 472.

16 Dean, A Biblical and Theological Dictionary (Boston: Massachusetts Sabbath School Society, 1854), p. 230.

17 Thiele, Jerusalem, Seine Lage, Seine Heiligen Statten, und Seine Bewohner (Halle: Richard Muhlmann, 1861), pp. 29-30. Translated from German with Google Translate.

18 Sadler, The Gospel According to St. Luke (London: George Bell and Sons, 1892), p. xi.

19 Sadler, Church Doctrine, Bible Truth (London: Bell and Daldy, 1868), p. 8, ellipsis added. NOTE: This book was originally published in 1865.

20 Bernard, The Progress of Doctrine in the New Testament (Boston: Gould and Lincoln, 1869), pp. 112-113.

21 Moody, "WHAT 'THE GOSPEL' IS," Moody and Sankey; Their Lives and Labors (London: Ward, Lock, and Tyler, 1876), 2 Parts, Part 2, pp. 67-68.

22 Moody, Pleasure and Profit in Bible Study (New York: Fleming H. Revell Company, 1895), p. 74.

23 Otto Pfleiderer, Paulinism: A Contribution to the History of Primitive Christian Theology (Edinburgh: Williams and Norgate, 1877), p. 166.

24 Spurgeon, The Metropolitan Tabernacle Pulpit, Sermons Preached and Revised by C. H. Spurgeon During the Year 1879 (London: Passmore and Alabaster, 1880), Vol. 25, pp. 524-525.

25 Quinter, “The Relation of Christ’s Resurrection to the Christian’s Hope,” The Primitive Christian, Vol. 21, Num. 14 (April 3, 1883): p. 211.

26 Lechler, The Apostolic and Post-Apostolic Times (Edinburgh: T and T Clark, 1886), 2 Vol., Vol. 1, pp. 321-322.

27 B. F. Westcott, “THE TESTIMONY OF ST. PAUL,” H. D. M. Spence, Joseph S. Exell, Charles Neil, Editors, Thirty Thousand Thoughts: Christian Dogmatics (New York: Funk & Wagnalls, Publishers, 1889), p. 50; cf. Westcott, The Gospel of the Resurrection (London and Cambridge: Macmillan and Co., 1866), pp. 95-96.

28 Mackintosh, “Glad Tidings of God.,” Things New and Old (London: G. Morrish, 20, Paternoster Square, 1889), Vol. 32, pp. 184-185.

29 Pierson, “The Resurrection of Our Lord,” The Homiletic Review, Vol. 26 (July 1893): pp. 72-73.

30 Alexander, Primary Convictions (New York: Harper & Brothers, Publishers, 1893), p. 122, italics his.

31 Denney, Studies In Theology (London: Hodder and Stoughton, 1895), p. 104, italics his.

32 Denney, Jesus and the Gospel (London: Hodder and Stoughton, 1908), pp. 113-114.

33 Zollars, The Great Salvation (Cincinnati: The Standard Publishing Company, 1895), pp. 80-81.

34 Warren, The Liturgy and Ritual of the Ante-Nicene Church (London: Society For Promoting Christian Knowledge, 1897), p. 15, italics his.

35 Ironside, The Mormon’s Mistake, or What Is The Gospel? (Cleveland: Utah Gospel Mission, 1896?), p. 3, bold his, ellipsis added. NOTE: This quote comes from the unabridged edition of Ironside’s booklet. It appears to have been published around 1896 by Utah Gospel Mission, Cleveland, Ohio. See the following link to read the unabridged edition: http://www.archive.org/details/mormonsmistakeor00iron. Many later editions are abridged and omit the reference to 1 Corinthians 15:5: “and that He was seen of Cephas” – a fact which Ironside specifically includes in “Paul’s Statement of the Real Gospel”.

36 Baring-Gould, A Study of St. Paul (London: Isbister and Company Limited, 1897), p. 440, ellipsis his.

37 Jeffrey, The Gospel of Paul, The Gospel of Jesus (Edinburgh and London: Oliphant, 1899), pp. 30-32.

38 Patton, “Christ’s Resurrection,” A Family Paper (March 20, 1901): p. 33.

39 Rainy, The Ancient Catholic Church (New York: Charles Scribner’s Sons, 1902), p. 510.

40 Murray, “The Spiritual and Historical Evidence for Miracles,” Henry Barclay Swete, Editor, Essays On Some Theological Questions of the Day (London: Macmillan and Co. Limited, 1905), p. 329.

41 Bramley-Moore, Ancient Tyre and Modern England (London: Elliot Stock, 62, Paternoster Row, E.C., 1906), p. 265.

42 Swete, The Appearances of Our Lord After the Passion: A Study in the Earliest Christian Tradition (London: Macmillan and Co., Limited, 1915), pp. 14-15, ellipsis added. NOTE: This book was originally published in 1907.

43 Thomas Carter, “Gospel or Gospels,” The Methodist Review Quarterly, Vol. 57, Issue 4 (October, 1908): pp. 632-633.

44 Tixeront, Apologetical Studies (St. Louis: B. Herder, 1917), pp. 81-82, italics his. NOTE: It appears that this book was originally published in 1909 in L’ Universite Catholique.

45 Carroll, An Interpretation of the English Bible (Grand Rapids: Baker Book House, 1973), 17 Vols., Vol. 13, pp. 246-247. NOTE: This book was originally published by the Fleming H. Revell company in 1913.

46 Alfred Loisy, Les Mysteres Paiens et le Mystere Chretien (Paris: Emile Nourry, 1914), pp. 327-328. Translated from the French with Google Translate.

47 J. M. Shaw, "RESURRECTION OF CHRIST," James Hastings, John A. Selbie, John C. Lambert, Editors, Dictionary of the Apostolic Church (New York: Charles Scribner’s Sons, 1918), 2 Vols., Vol. 2, pp. 332-334, first brackets and last ellipsis added; cf. Shaw, The Resurrection of Christ (Edinburgh: T. and T. Clark, 1920), pp. 17-22, 27-28.

48 Arthur S. Peake, A Commentary on the Bible (New York: Thomas Nelson and Sons, 1920), p. 846.

49 Norton, “For Sermon and Scrap Book,” Moody Bible Institute Monthly (November 1921), p. 676.

50 Griffith, St. Paul’s Life of Christ (New York: George H. Doran Company, 1925), pp. 165-166.
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51 Erdman, The First Epistle of Paul to the Corinthians (Philadelphia: The Westminster Press, 1928), pp. 137-138.

52 Robertson, Word Pictures in the New Testament (Sunday School Board of the Southern Baptist Convention, 1931), 6 Vols., Vol. 4, pp. 186-187.

53 Alfred Edward John Rawlinson (A. E. J. R.), “GOSPEL,” Encyclopaedia Britannica, Fourteenth Edition (London: The Encyclopaedia Britannica Company, Ltd., 1932), 24 Vols., Vol. 10, p. 536, bold and italics his, ellipsis added.

54 Dodd, The Apostolic Preaching And Its Developments (New York: Harper & Brothers Publishers, 1962), pp. 9-10. NOTE: This book was originally published in London by Hodder and Stoughton, Ltd., 1936.

55 Micklem, “The Primitive Church,” Walter Robert Matthews, Editor, The Christian Faith: Essays in Explanation and Defense (London: Eyre and Spottiswoode, Ltd., 1936), p. 171, italics and ellipsis his.

56 Newell, Romans Verse-By-Verse (Grand Rapids: Kregel Publications, 1994), p. 6, bold his. NOTE: This book was originally published in Chicago by Moody Press, 1938.

57 Ibid., pp. 18-19, bold his.

58 Ibid., p. 19, capitalization and italics his.

59 Ibid., p. 20, italics his.

60 Ibid., p. 21.

61 Ibid., p. 24.

62 Ramsey, The Resurrection of Christ (Philadelphia: The Westminster Press, 1946), p. 21.

63 Ibid., pp. 73-74, italics and ellipsis his.

64 Scroggie, A Guide To The Gospels (Grand Rapids: Kregel Publications, 1995), p. 548, ellipses his. NOTE: This book was originally published in London by Pickering and Inglis, 1948.

65 Chester E. Tulga, The Foreign Missions Controversy in the Northern Baptist Convention (Chicago: Conservative Baptist Fellowship, 1950), pp. 148-149, ellipsis his.

66 Carrington, The Primitive Christian Calendar: A Study in the Making of the Marcan Gospel (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1952), p. 19, brackets and ellipsis his.

67 Wright, Ephesians (Chicago: Moody Press, 1954), p. 11, ellipsis and italics his.

68 Davies, “Reflections on Archbishop Carrington’s ‘The Primitive Christian Calendar’,” W. D. Davies and D. Daube, Editors, The Background of the New Testament and Its Eschatology (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1956), p. 143.

69 Taylor, Forgiveness and Reconciliation: A Study in New Testament Theology (New York: Macmillan, 1956), p. 136.

70 Taylor, The Gospel According to St. Mark (London: Macmillan and Co., LTD, 1959), p. 606, ellipsis his.

71 Aeby, “Walking with Christ through Ephesians,” The Brethren Missionary Herald, Vol. 21, Num. 32 (August 8, 1959), p. 504, ellipsis his.

72 Aeby, “Living For Jesus,” The Brethren Missionary Herald, Vol. 21, Num. 46 (November 14, 1959), p. 711.

73 Mounce, “GOSPEL,” Everett F. Harrison, Editor-in-Chief, Geoffrey W. Bromily, Associate Editor, Carl F. H. Henry, Consulting Editor, Baker’s Dictionary of Theology (Grand Rapids: Baker Book House, 1960), p. 256.

74 Ibid., p. 256, ellipsis added.

75 Hinson, “Christian Teaching in the Early Church,” Review and Expositor, Vol. 99 (Summer 2002): p. 383, italics his. NOTE: This article was originally published in Review and Expositor, Summer 1962; cf. A. M. Hunter, Paul and His Predecessors (London: Nicholson and Watson, Ltd., 1940), pp. 14-20; C. H. Dodd, The Apostolic Preaching and Its Developments (London: Hodder and Stoughton, Ltd., 1936), pp. 10-12.

76 Johnson, The Wycliffe Bible Commentary (Chicago: Moody Press, 1962), p. 1255, bold and italics his.

77 Johnson, “The Gospel That Paul Preached,” Bibliotheca Sacra 128 (October 1971): p. 330.

78 Johnson, “Easter Before Christmas? Why Not?” transcript (Dallas: Believer’s Chapel, 2007), p. 21.

79 F. F. Bruce, “When is a Gospel Not a Gospel?” Bulletin of the John Rylands Library 45.2 (March 1963): p. 324, http://www.biblicalstudies.org.uk/pdf/bjrl/gospel_bruce.pdf. NOTE: The reference to 1 Cor. 15:3ff is cited in the footnotes.

80 Bruce, 1 and 2 Corinthians (London: Oliphants, 1976), p. 138, bold and italics his.

81 Tenney, The Reality of the Resurrection (New York: Harper and Row Publishers, 1963), pp. 68-69, ellipsis his. NOTE: This book was also published in Chicago by Moody Press, 1963.

82 Ibid., ellipsis and brackets his.

83 Lockyear, All the Books and Chapters of the Bible (Grand Rapids: Zondervan Publishing House, 1966), pp. 259-260.

84 Ladd, “Revelation and Tradition in Paul,” W. Ward Gasque and Ralph P. Martin, Editors, Apostolic History and the Gospel (Exeter: The Paternoster Press, 1970), p. 225, italics his, ellipsis added; cf. Ladd, Donald A. Hagner, A Theology of the New Testament (Grand Rapids: Wm. B. Eerdmans Publishing Co., 1993), p. 427. NOTE: Ladd’s Theology of the New Testament was originally published in 1974.

85 Marshall, Luke: Historian And Theologian (Grand Rapids: Zondervan Publishing House, 1980), pp. 50-51. NOTE: This book was originally published by The Paternoster Press in 1970.

86 Marshall, “Eschatology,” Richard N. Longnecker, Editor, The Road From Damascus (Grand Rapids: Wm. B. Eerdmans Publishing Co., 1997), p. 49. NOTE: Marshall’s article (along with the other collection of essays in Longnecker’s book) were originally presented at the H. H. Bingham Colloquium in New Testament, McMaster Divinity College, second session, June 17-18, 1996.

87 Brown, “Proclamation, Preach, Kerygma,” Colin Brown, General Editor, The New International Dictionary of New Testament Theology (Grand Rapids: Zondervan Publishing House, 1978), 4 Vols., Vol. 3, p. 61, italics his, first brackets added. NOTE: This book was originally published in German under the title THEOLOGISCHES BEGRIFFSLEXIKON ZUM NEUEN TESTAMENT in 1971.

88 Sider, “St. Paul’s Understanding of the Nature and Significance of the Resurrection in 1 Corinthians XV 1-19,” Novum Testamentum 19 (April 1977): pp. 132-134, italics his, first and second ellipsis added.

89 Stewart, “How Important Is the Resurrection to Christianity?,” http://www.blueletterbible.org/faq/don_stewart/stewart.cfm?id=811, ellipsis his.

90 Ramsay, The Layman’s Guide to the New Testament (Atlanta: John Knox Press, 1981), pp. 129-130, first ellipsis added.

91 Reed, “The Pastor as a Theologian,” Donald K. Campbell, Editor, Walvoord: A Tribute (Chicago: Moody Press, 1982), p. 274.

92 Ibid., p. 279, ellipsis added.

93 Wiersbe, Be Wise (Colorado Springs: David C. Cook Publishing, 2010), p. 164, ellipsis and italics his. NOTE: This book was originally published in Wheaton by Victor Books, 1982.

94 Wiersbe, A Gallery of Grace (Grand Rapids: Kregel Publications, 1988, 2002), pp. 122-123, italics his. NOTE: This book was previously titled So That’s What A Christian Is!

95 Wiersbe, Be Comforted (Colorado Springs: David C. Cook Publishing, 2009), p. 162. NOTE: This book was originally published in Wheaton by Victor Books, 1992.

96 Wiersbe, “Sanctified By Correction,” 2ProphetU website, http://2prophetu.com/templates/_2prophetu2/details.asp?id=35585&PG=resources&CID=19387 (accessed November 9, 2011).

97 Wiersbe, “J is for Jesus Part 1,” 2ProphetU website, ellipsis his, http://2prophetu.com/templates/_2prophetu2/details.asp?id=35585&PG=resources&CID=17639 (accessed November 12, 2011).

98 John MacArthur, Hebrews: New Testament Commentary (Chicago: The Moody Bible Institute, 1983), p. 264.

99 McCloskey, Tell It Often – Tell It Well (San Bernardion: Here’s Life Publishers, Inc., 1988), p. 29, bold his. NOTE: This book was originally published in 1985.

100 Ibid., p. 31.
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101 Fee, The First Epistle to the Corinthians (Grand Rapids: Wm. B. Eerdmans Publishing Co., 1987), pp. 722-723, 736, bold, italics, and second to last brackets his; ellipsis and other brackets added.

102 R. P. Martin, “WORSHIP,” Geoffrey W. Bromiley, Editor, The International Standard Bible Encyclopedia (Grand Rapids: Wm. B. Eerdmans Publishing Co., 1988), 4 Vols., Vol. 4, p. 1127.

103 Ryrie, So Great Salvation (Wheaton: Victor Books, 1989), pp. 35-36, capitalization and ellipsis his. For further discussion see the article “Getting the Gospel Right,” pp. 35-36 (in the PDF file).

104 Geisler, “The Battle for the Resurrection,” Fundamentalist Journal (March, 1989): p. 15, italics his.

105 Geisler, “The Significance of Christ’s Physical Resurrection,” Bibliotheca Sacra 146 (April 1989): pp. 148, 169, ellipsis added.

106 Geisler, “I Believe…in the Resurrection of the Flesh,” Christian Research Journal (Summer, 1989): p. 20 ff.

107 Geisler, “In Defense of the Resurrection, A Reply to Criticisms, A Review Article,” Journal of the Evangelical Theological Society 34/2 (June 1991): p. 243.

108 Norman L. Geisler and Douglas E. Potter, “Christian Burial: A Case for Burial,” Christian Research Institute website, dated April 14, 2009, http://www.equip.org/articles/christian-burial-a-case-for-burial/ (accessed June 7, 2012), bold his; cf. Norman L. Geisler and Douglas E. Potter, “FROM ASHES TO ASHES: IS BURIAL THE ONLY CHRISTIAN OPTION?,” Christian Research Institute website, http://www.equip.org/PDF/DC765.pdf (accessed June 7, 2012), bold his. NOTE: The aforementioned article first appeared in Christian Research Journal, volume 21, number 01 (1998).

109 Geisler, Systematic Theology (Minneapolis: Bethany House Publishers, 2004), 4 Vols., Vol. 3, p. 549, ellipsis added.

110 Norman Geisler, A Critical Review of The Empty Tomb: Jesus Beyond the Grave (Amherst, NY: Prometheus Books, 2005) edited by Robert Price and Jeffrey Lowder, brackets his, ellipsis added; cf. Geisler, "A Critical Review of The Empty Tomb: Jesus Beyond the Grave," Christian Apologetics Journal CAJ 05:1 (Spring 2006).

111 Stanford, “The Dispensational Gospels,” underlining and ellipsis his, http://withchrist.org/mjs/gospels.htm (accessed June 14, 2012).

112 Stanford, “Pauline Dispensationalism,” bold, underlining, brackets, and ellipsis his, http://withchrist.org/mjs/paulinedis.htm (accessed June 14, 2012).

113 Showers, There Really Is A Difference (Belmawr, NJ: The Friends of Israel Gospel Ministry, Inc., 1990), p. 3, italics and ellipsis his.

114 Radmacher, “First Response To ‘Faith According To The Apostle James’ By John F. MacArthur, Jr.,” Journal of the Evangelical Theological Society 33 (March 1990): pp. 38-39, italics his.

115 Radmacher, Salvation (Nashville: Word Publishing, 2000), p. 116, italics, brackets, and ellipsis his.

116 Lightner, Sin, the Savior, and Salvation: the Theology of Everlasting Life (Grand Rapids: Kregel Publications, 1996), pp. 129-130. NOTE: This book was originally published by Thomas Nelson Publishers, 1991.

117 Stuhlmacher, Paul’s Letter to the Romans (Louisville, John Knox Press, 1994), p. 23.

118 Barrett, Paul: An Introduction to His Thought (Louisville: Westminster/John Knox Press, 1994), pp. 102-103, ellipsis added.

119 Habermas, "The Resurrection Appearances of Jesus," 4truth.net website, ellipsis added, http://www.4truth.net/fourtruthpbjesus.aspx?pageid=8589952867 (accessed April 1, 2012).

120 Habermas, "The Empty Tomb of Jesus," 4truth.net website, http://www.4truth.net/fourtruthpbjesus.aspx?pageid=8589952861 (accessed April 1, 2012).

121 Habermas, The Historical Jesus (Joplin: College Press, 1996), p. 117.

122 Habermas, The Risen Jesus & Future Hope (Lanham: Rowman and Littlefield, 2003), p. 17.

123 Habermas, “The Resurrection of Jesus and the Witness of Paul,” Peter May, Editor, bethinking.org website, italics and last three ellipsis his, www.bethinking.org/bible-jesus/intermediate/the-resurrection-of-jesus-and-the-witness-of-paul.htm (accessed April 1, 2012).

124 Habermas, "The Resurrection of Jesus and the Talpiot Tomb," Liberty University Faculty Publication and Presentations, Paper 158 (2008): p. 162, http://digitalcommons.liberty.edu/lts_fac_pubs/158/ (accessed April 1, 2012); cf. Ibid., p. 158.

125 Gaffin, “‘Life-Giving Spirit’: Probing the Center of Paul’s Pneumatology,” Journal of the Evangelical Theological Society 41 (December 1998): p. 574, italics his.

126 Paul Nadim Tarazi, The New Testament: An Introduction (Crestwood: SVS Press, 1999), 4 Vols., Vol. 1, pp. 73-74, italics his, ellipsis added.

127 Thiselton, The First Epistle to the Corinthians, NIGTC (Grand Rapids: Wm. B. Eerdmans Publishing Co., 2000), p. 1189, italics his, brackets and transliteration added.

128 Donald Campbell [DKC], Wendell Johnston, John Walvoord, John Witmer, “Gospel,” The Theological Wordbook (Nashville: Word Publishing, 2000), p. 142.

129 Luter, Jr., “Homiletics and Mission,” A. Scott Moreau, General Editor, Evangelical Dictionary of World Missions (Grand Rapids: Baker, 2000), p. 454.

130 Hunt, “Good Tidings of Great Joy…to All People,” The Berean Call website, www.thebereancall.org/node/5690, August 1, 2001, ellipsis and brackets his.

131 Congdon, “The Gospel,” The Teaching Home website, http://teachinghome.com/about/gospel.cfm, ellipsis added.

132 Gromacki, “The Historicity of the Resurrection of Jesus Christ (Part II),” The Journal of Ministry and Theology (Fall 2002): p. 44.

133 BeVier, “Editorial,” The Discerner, Vol. 22, Num. 1 (January-March 2002): pp. 2-3, underlining his.

134 BeVier, “WHAT MAKES A CULT A CULT?,” The Discerner, Vol. 22, Num. 3 (July-September 2002): p. 6, brackets, ellipsis, and underlining his.

135 Dunn, “The History of the Tradition: New Testament,” Dunn and John William Rogerson, Editors, Eerdmans Commentary on the Bible (Grand Rapids: Wm. B. Eerdmans Publishing Co., 2003), 959, ellipsis added.

136 Dunn, The Cambridge Companion to St. Paul (Cambridge University Press, 2003), p. 178.

137 Whitmire, “The Facts Presentation,” GO TELL EVANGELISM, CHAPTER 2, OUR WITNESS FOR CHRIST (dated “07-15-03”), underlining, capitalization, and second ellipsis his, http://tgcministry.com/gotell/gts_2.htm (accessed April 5, 2012). NOTE: In the original article much of Whitmire’s statement is in bold print.

138 Johnson, 1 Corinthians, Grant R. Osborne, Series Editor, D. Stuart Briscoe and Haddon Robinson, Consulting Editors (Downers Grove: InterVarsity Press, 2004), p. 284, italics his.

139 Pritchard, “God’s Scapegoat: ‘Buried,’” Keep Believing Ministries blog, www.keepbelieving.com/sermon/2004-03-28-Gods-Scapegoat-Buried/.

140 Prichard, Credo: Believing in Something to Die For (Wheaton: Good News Publishers, 2005), p. 96, bold and italics his.

141 Stott, The Cross of Christ (Downers Grove: IVP Books, 2006), p. 41; cf. Ibid., pp. 232-233; Stott, Christian Basics (Grand Rapids: Baker Books, 1992), p. 70; Stott, Evangelical Truth (Downers Grove: Intervarsity Press, 1999), pp. 27-29.

142 Daughters, “A Theology of Change,” Emmaus Bible College Journey Magazine (Fall 2006): p. 15.

143 Krell, “The Facts of Faith (1 Corinthians 15:1-11),” bible.org website, http://bible.org/seriespage/facts-faith-1-corinthians-151-11, italics his, ellipsis added. NOTE: In the original much of Krell’s statement is in bold print.

144 da Rosa, “Another Look at 1 Corinthians 15:3ff / the Pauline Gospel,” Unashamed of Grace blog, http://unashamedofgrace.blogspot.com/2007_06_01_archive.html (accessed June 4, 2008), last two ellipsis added.

145 Crouch, “Things that can never be compromised,” One Eternal Day blog, http://www.one-eternal-day.com/2007/03/things-that-can-never-be-compromised.html, italics his, second ellipsis added (accessed August 6, 2008).

146 Norwood, “THE PURE GOSPEL,” Bible Readings for Believers website, http://biblereadingsforbelievers.com/doctrine/232-the-pure-gospel-galatians-chapter-1.html (accessed August 21, 2011), emphasis, ellipsis, and brackets his.

147 Johnson, “The Gospel in Four Simple Points, 1 Corinthians 15:1-5,” www.swordandtrowel.org/Sermons.aspx?code=2008-03-23-PJ.

148 Meisinger, “The Gospel Paul Preached: A Church Age Model of Evangelistic Content,” Chafer Theological Seminary Journal (2009): p. 5.

149 Ibid., pp. 5-9, 12, emphasis his.

150 Ibid., p. 13.
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151 Piper, Finally Alive (Ross-shire: Christian Focus Publications Ltd., 2009), pp. 112-113, italics his.

152 Ross, “The Epistle of St. Paul to the Romans,” The Christian Leadership Center website, www. Christianleadershipcenter.org/romans1.htm. NOTE: The same series of articles appears on the bible.org website as well. See: http://bible.org/seriespage/revelation-righteousness.

153 McKnight, “The Gospel and Orthodoxy,” Jesus Creed blog, http://blog.beliefnet.com/jesuscreed/2009/02/the-gospel-and-orthodoxy.html, italics his, ellipsis added. Also see: http://www.patheos.com/community/jesuscreed/2009/02/05/the-gospel-and-orthodoxy/, February 5, 2009.

154 Bock, Recovering the Real Lost Gospel: Reclaiming the Gospel as Good News (Nashville: B and H Publishing Group, 2010), p. 3, italics his, ellipsis added; cf. Bock, The Bible Knowledge Word Study: Acts – Ephesians (Colorado Springs: Cook Communications Ministries, 2006), pp. 310-311.

155 Stanley, “Big Church #4: Big Audience,” Community Group Curriculm Guide, http://www.groupcurriculum.org/questions/questions.jsp?messageID=896, bold, capitalization, and italics his.

156 Andy Stanley, "Big Church, Part 4: Big Audience," sermon dated January 30, 2011, http://northpoint.org/messages/big-church/part-4, emphasis his.

157 Adams, “The Gospel in 4G Series,” http://archive.constantcontact.com/fs047/1104029799920/archive/1105067929968.html, ellipsis his.

158 Zeller, “Portraits of Christ, The Four Gospels,” Middletown Bible Church website, http://www.middletownbiblechurch.org/newtesta/ntesta2.htm, brackets added; NOTE: This summary of the gospel on the Middletown Bible Church website was revised on November 18, 2010. It has been replaced with a new statement lacking the simple and straight-forward clarity of the original. Yet the original article can still be viewed in PDF format using the following link: http://www.middletownbiblechurch.org/newtesta/ntb02.pdf (accessed June 14, 2012).

159 James Utter, “Church For People Who Don’t Like Church!,” The Revelation Road website, http://therevelationroad.org/nochurch.htm, italics added. NOTE: This article also appears on the Middletown Bible Church website. See: http://www.middletownbiblechurch.org/lochurch/dontlike.htm.
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