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Stalking; Behavior Science
Topic Started: Jan 12 2016, 02:49 PM (640 Views)
cisslybee2012
The REBEL
I don't believe that cyber stalking is a criminal offense,

Because there's too much of it going on for that to be true.
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U Thant
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cisslybee2012
Jan 12 2016, 03:15 PM
Mr. Sincere stalking me here
Did he come here from another website you both were posting to each, upon?

If not? Then, noper.

He was not stalking you here.

It is not possible for Mr. Sincere to stalk you, here, if he merely always commented on remarks that you sought for humans' to pay attention to when you posted them here.
He paid attention to those comments, like you wanted him to do, so you cannot blame him because he posted remarks which you did not appreciate.

If your reasoning here, is correct, then you stalked WW and Caroline and dogonstar and jell pastries and other women here who refused to align their thoughts with the cliq...therefore you joined others to terrorize those women especially if they agreed with anything I posted here.

Now, if Mr. Sincere lost self-control over how you treated him, here, by which he became so emotionally distraught to whereas he could not leave those issues in that forum---- therefore he chased you onto other websites, bringing those issues with him? Yes, then he was stalking you. Yep, then he is a fatal attraction-in-waiting. But he merely torched you and annihilating you about nonsense you sought attention for, here on AFN, then no that is not stalking so you need quit hallucinating.


holla
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cisslybee2012
The REBEL
Chester stalked me and you know it. :D
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reddgirl64

cisslybee2012
Jan 12 2016, 03:22 PM
I don't believe that cyber stalking is a criminal offense,

Because there's too much of it going on for that to be true.
People have to pursue the stalker. It is a criminal offense, just check with your local police department.

All you need is to keep any all communications, any history, and documentation.

All computers have IP addresses, and bounce off cell towers. Trust me, the eye in the sky, can find you. It's the newest form of crime, and the laws are just now catching up to it.

This is why, most say, protect your computer with an antivirus, well it serves a dual purpose.

For every hacker, there's someone who can/will hack them!
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Doctor Magnus Warlock
Jan 12 2016, 03:20 PM
Let us explore Cyberstalking.

Quote:
 
Cyberstalking is the use of the Internet or other electronic means to stalk or harass an individual, a group, or an organization.[1] It may include false accusations, defamation, slander and libel. It may also include monitoring, identity theft, threats, vandalism, solicitation for sex, or gathering information that may be used to threaten or harass.

Cyberstalking is often accompanied by realtime or offline stalking.[2] Both are criminal offenses.[3] Both are motivated by a desire to control, intimidate or influence a victim.[4] A stalker may be an online stranger or a person whom the target knows. He may be anonymous and solicit involvement of other people online who do not even know the target.

Cyberstalking is a criminal offense under various state anti-stalking, slander and harassment laws. A conviction can result in a restraining order, probation, or criminal penalties against the assailant, including jail.

Definitions and description

There have been a number of attempts by experts and legislators to define cyberstalking. It is generally understood to be the use of the Internet or other electronic means to stalk or harass an individual, a group, or an organization.[1] Cyberstalking is a form of cyberbullying, and the terms are often used interchangeably in the media. Both may include false accusations, defamation, slander and libel. Cyberstalking may also include monitoring, identity theft, threats, vandalism, solicitation for sex, or gathering information that may be used to threaten or harass. Cyberstalking is often accompanied by realtime or offline stalking.[2] Both are criminal offenses.[3]

Stalking is a continuous process, consisting of a series of actions, each of which may be entirely legal in itself. Technology ethics professor Lambèr Royakkers defines cyberstalking as perpetrated by someone without a current relationship with the victim. About the abusive effects of cyberstalking, he writes that:[5]

[Stalking] is a form of mental assault, in which the perpetrator repeatedly, unwantedly, and disruptively breaks into the life-world of the victim, with whom he has no relationship (or no longer has), with motives that are directly or indirectly traceable to the affective sphere. Moreover, the separated acts that make up the intrusion cannot by themselves cause the mental abuse, but do taken together (cumulative effect).

Distinguishing cyberstalking from other acts

It is important to draw a distinction between cyber-trolling and cyber-stalking. Research has shown that actions that can be perceived to be harmless as a one-off can be considered to be trolling, whereas if it is part of a persistent campaign then it can be considered stalking.[6] However, it has also been shown that even if something is cyberstalking, it can still be lawful if it can be considered to be scrutinizing a public figure, such as a politician or comedian.[7]


TMMotiveModeGravityDescription
1PlaytimeCyber-banteringCyber-trollingIn the moment and quickly regret
2TacticalCyber-trickeryCyber-trollingIn the moment but don’t regret and continue
3StrategicCyber-bullyingCyber-stalkingGo out of way to cause problems, but without a sustained and planned long-term campaign
4DominationCyber-hickeryCyber-stalkingGoes out of the way to create rich media to target one or more specific individuals

Cyberstalking author Alexis Moore separates cyberstalking from identity theft, which is financially motivated.[8] Her definition, which was also used by the Republic of the Philippines in their legal description, is as follows:[9]

Cyberstalking is a technologically-based "attack" on one person who has been targeted specifically for that attack for reasons of anger, revenge or control. Cyberstalking can take many forms, including:

- harassment, embarrassment and humiliation of the victim
- emptying bank accounts or other economic control such as ruining the victim's credit score
- harassing family, friends and employers to isolate the victim
- scare tactics to instill fear and more[8]

Identifying and detecting cyberstalking

CyberAngels has written about how to identify cyberstalking:[10]

When identifying cyberstalking "in the field," and particularly when considering whether to report it to any kind of legal authority, the following features or combination of features can be considered to characterize a true stalking situation: malice, premeditation, repetition, distress, obsession, vendetta, no legitimate purpose, personally directed, disregarded warnings to stop, harassment and threats.

A number of key factors have been identified in cyberstalking:

This list is incomplete; you can help by expanding it.

- False accusations. Many cyberstalkers try to damage the reputation of their victim and turn other people against them. They post false information about them on websites. They may set up their own websites, blogs or user pages for this purpose. They post allegations about the victim to newsgroups, chat rooms, or other sites that allow public contributions such as Wikipedia or Amazon.com.[11]

- Attempts to gather information about the victim. Cyberstalkers may approach their victim's friends, family and work colleagues to obtain personal information. They may advertise for information on the Internet, or hire a private detective.[12]

- Monitoring their target's online activities and attempting to trace their IP address in an effort to gather more information about their victims.[13]

- Encouraging others to harass the victim. Many cyberstalkers try to involve third parties in the harassment. They may claim the victim has harmed the stalker or his/her family in some way, or may post the victim's name and telephone number in order to encourage others to join the pursuit.

- False victimization. The cyberstalker will claim that the victim is harassing him/her. Bocij writes that this phenomenon has been noted in a number of well-known cases.[14]

- Attacks on data and equipment. They may try to damage the victim's computer by sending viruses.

- Ordering goods and services. They order items or subscribe to magazines in the victim's name. These often involve subscriptions to pornography or ordering sex toys then having them delivered to the victim's workplace.

- Arranging to meet. Young people face a particularly high risk of having cyberstalkers try to set up meetings between them.[14]

- The posting of defamatory or derogatory statements. Using web pages and message boards to incite some response or reaction from their victim.[15]

Prevalence and impact

In January 2009, the Bureau of Justice Statistics in the United States released the study "Stalking Victimization in the United States," which was sponsored by the Office on Violence Against Women. The report, based on supplemental data from the National Crime Victimization Survey, showed that one in four stalking victims had been cyberstalked as well, with the perpetrators using internet-based services such as email, instant messaging, GPS, or spyware. The final report stated that approximately 1.2 million victims had stalkers who used technology to find them.[16] The Rape, Abuse and Incest National Network (RAINN), in Washington D.C. has released statistics that there are 3.4 million stalking victims each year in the United States. Of those, one in four reported experiencing cyberstalking.[17]

Types

Stalking by strangers

According to Joey Rushing, a District Attorney of Franklin County, Alabama, there isn't a single definition of a cyberstalker, and they can be either strangers to the victim or have a former/present relationship. "[Cyberstalkers] come in all shapes, sizes, ages and backgrounds. They patrol Web sites looking for an opportunity to take advantage of people."[17]

Gender-based stalking
Harassment and stalking because of gender online is common, and can include rape threats[19][20][21] and other threats of violence, as well as the posting of the victim's personal information.[22] It is blamed for limiting victims' activities online or driving them offline entirely, thereby impeding their participation in online life and undermining their autonomy, dignity, identity, and opportunities.[23]

Of intimate partners
Cyberstalking of intimate partners is the online harassment of a current or former romantic partner. It is a form of domestic violence, and experts say its purpose is to control the victim in order to encourage social isolation and create dependency. Harassers may send repeated insulting or threatening e-mails to their victims, monitor or disrupt their victims' e-mail use, and use the victim's account to send e-mails to others posing as the victim or to purchase goods or services the victim does not want. They may also use the Internet to research and compile personal information about the victim, to use in order to harass him or her.[24]

Of celebrities and public persons
Profiling of stalkers shows that almost always they stalk someone they know or, via delusion, think they know, as is the case with stalkers of celebrities or public persons in which the stalkers feel they know the celebrity even though the celebrity does not know them.[25] As part of the risk they take for being in the public eye, celebrities and public figures are often targets of lies or made-up stories in tabloids as well as by stalkers, some even seeming to be fans.

In one noted case in 2011, actress Patricia Arquette quit Facebook after alleged cyberstalking. In her last post, Arquette explained that her security warned her Facebook friends to never accept friend requests from people they do not actually know. Arquette stressed that just because people seemed to be fans did not mean they were safe. The media issued a statement that Arquette planned to communicate with fans exclusively through her Twitter account in the future.[26]

By anonymous online mobs
Web 2.0 technologies have enabled online groups of anonymous people to self-organize to target individuals with online defamation, threats of violence and technology-based attacks. These include publishing lies and doctored photographs, threats of rape and other violence, posting sensitive personal information about victims, e-mailing damaging statements about victims to their employers, and manipulating search engines to make damaging material about the victim more prominent.[citation needed] Victims frequently respond by adopting pseudonyms or going offline entirely.[27]

Experts attribute the destructive nature of anonymous online mobs to group dynamics, saying that groups with homogeneous views tend to become more extreme. As members reinforce each others' beliefs, they fail to see themselves as individuals and lose a sense of personal responsibility for their destructive acts. In doing so they dehumanize their victims, becoming more aggressive when they believe they are supported by authority figures. Internet service providers and website owners are sometimes blamed for not speaking out against this type of harassment.[27]

A notable example of online mob harassment was the experience of American software developer and blogger Kathy Sierra. In 2007 a group of anonymous individuals attacked Sierra, threatening her with rape and strangulation, publishing her home address and Social Security number, and posting doctored photographs of her. Frightened, Sierra cancelled her speaking engagements and shut down her blog, writing "I will never feel the same. I will never be the same."[27]

Perpetrators
Motives and profile
Mental profiling of digital criminals has identified psychological and social factors that motivate stalkers as: envy; pathological obsession (professional or sexual); unemployment or failure with own job or life; intention to intimidate and cause others to feel inferior; the stalker is delusional and believes he/she "knows" the target; the stalker wants to instill fear in a person to justify his/her status; belief they can get away with it (anonymity); intimidation for financial advantage or business competition; revenge over perceived or imagined rejection.[30][31]

Four types of cyberstalkers
Preliminary work by Leroy McFarlane and Paul Bocij has identified four types of cyberstalkers: the vindictive cyberstalkers noted for the ferocity of their attacks; the composed cyberstalker whose motive is to annoy; the intimate cyberstalker who attempts to form a relationship with the victim but turns on them if rebuffed; and collective cyberstalkers, groups with a motive.[32] According to Antonio Chacón Medina, author of Una nueva cara de Internet, El acoso ("A new face of the Internet: stalking"), the general profile of the harasser is cold, with little or no respect for others. The stalker is a predator who can wait patiently until vulnerable victims appear, such as women or children, or may enjoy pursuing a particular person, whether personally familiar to them or unknown. The harasser enjoys and demonstrates their power to pursue and psychologically damage the victim.[33]

Behaviors
Cyberstalkers find their victims by using search engines, online forums, bulletin and discussion boards, chat rooms, and more recently, through social networking sites,[34] such as MySpace, Facebook, Bebo, Friendster, Twitter, and Indymedia, a media outlet known for self-publishing. They may engage in live chat harassment or flaming or they may send electronic viruses and unsolicited e-mails.[35] Cyberstalkers may research individuals to feed their obsessions and curiosity. Conversely, the acts of cyberstalkers may become more intense, such as repeatedly instant messaging their targets.[36]

More commonly they will post defamatory or derogatory statements about their stalking target on web pages, message boards, and in guest books designed to get a reaction or response from their victim, thereby initiating contact.[35] In some cases, they have been known to create fake blogs in the name of the victim containing defamatory or pornographic content.

When prosecuted, many stalkers have unsuccessfully attempted to justify their behavior based on their use of public forums, as opposed to direct contact. Once they get a reaction from the victim, they will typically attempt to track or follow the victim's internet activity. Classic cyberstalking behavior includes the tracing of the victim's IP address in an attempt to verify their home or place of employment.[35]

Some cyberstalking situations do evolve into physical stalking, and a victim may experience abusive and excessive phone calls, vandalism, threatening or obscene mail, trespassing, and physical assault.[35] Moreover, many physical stalkers will use cyberstalking as another method of harassing their victims.[37][38]

A 2007 study led by Paige Padgett from the University of Texas Health Science Center found that there was a false degree of safety assumed by women looking for love online.[39][40]

Cyberstalking legislation

Legislation on cyberstalking varies from country to country. Cyberstalking and cyberbullying are relatively new phenomena, but that does not mean that crimes committed through the network are not punishable under legislation drafted for that purpose. Although there are often existing laws that prohibit stalking or harassment in a general sense, legislators sometimes believe that such laws are inadequate or do not go far enough, and thus bring forward new legislation to address this perceived shortcoming. In the United States, for example, nearly every state has laws that address cyberstalking, cyberbullying, or both.[41]

In countries such as the US, in practice, there is little legislative difference between the concepts of "cyberbullying" and "cyberstalking." The primary distinction is one of age; if adults are involved, the act is usually termed cyberstalking, while among children it is usually referred to as cyberbullying. However, this distinction is one of semantics, and many laws treat bullying and stalking as much the same issue.


https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cyberstalking



This is great info, Doc, but try to be more professional with it/try to entice people to want to read it. No one is going to sit there and ping through a titangraph like this...you should know better.

Use multiple posts to break it down into, sections, if an article contains this colossal amount of bytes ;) next time.
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cisslybee2012
The REBEL
reddgirl64
Jan 12 2016, 03:25 PM
cisslybee2012
Jan 12 2016, 03:22 PM
I don't believe that cyber stalking is a criminal offense,

Because there's too much of it going on for that to be true.
People have to pursue the stalker. It is a criminal offense, just check with your local police department.

All you need is to keep any all communications, any history, and documentation.

All computers have IP addresses, and bounce off cell towers. Trust me, the eye in the sky, can find you. It's the newest form of crime, and the laws are just now catching up to it.

This is why, most say, protect your computer with an antivirus, well it serves a dual purpose.

For every hacker, there's someone who can/will hack them!
I did read about an incident where a guy was cyber stalking a lady. And she tracked down the computer he was using, which traced to his place of employment. So she contacted his employer and then the stalking stopped. But the matter wasn't brought to the police, and he was never arrested for it.
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U Thant
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Ethos Logos Pathos
Jan 12 2016, 03:33 PM
reddgirl64
Jan 12 2016, 03:26 PM
...me... stalker..
LOL girl you so crazy ROFL now cut it out---You are not stalking me!

Noper so don't be so hard on, yourself, as you are merely here snapping at my heels with your Chihuahua skills is all. Its cute too.
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cisslybee2012
The REBEL
Ethos Logos Pathos
Jan 12 2016, 03:27 PM
Of intimate partners
Cyberstalking of intimate partners is the online harassment of a current or former romantic partner. It is a form of domestic violence, and experts say its purpose is to control the victim in order to encourage social isolation and create dependency. Harassers may send repeated insulting or threatening e-mails to their victims, monitor or disrupt their victims' e-mail use, and use the victim's account to send e-mails to others posing as the victim or to purchase goods or services the victim does not want. They may also use the Internet to research and compile personal information about the victim, to use in order to harass him or her.[24]
Yeah, I've experienced intimate partner stalking too.

Though it was over the telephone. After I dumped that guy I was with, he stalked me making crank calls up until I moved, which was a whole year.
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cisslybee2012
Jan 12 2016, 03:34 PM
Ethos Logos Pathos
Jan 12 2016, 03:27 PM
Of intimate partners
Cyberstalking of intimate partners is the online harassment of a current or former romantic partner. It is a form of domestic violence, and experts say its purpose is to control the victim in order to encourage social isolation and create dependency. Harassers may send repeated insulting or threatening e-mails to their victims, monitor or disrupt their victims' e-mail use, and use the victim's account to send e-mails to others posing as the victim or to purchase goods or services the victim does not want. They may also use the Internet to research and compile personal information about the victim, to use in order to harass him or her.[24]
Yeah, I've experienced intimate partner stalking too.

yey, but back then in '79 it wasn't done by way of computer/iPhone/iPad/smartphone and other electronic communications like which this thread highlights as a theme. Stay on topic girl.
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cisslybee2012
The REBEL
Ethos Logos Pathos
Jan 12 2016, 03:37 PM
yey, but back then in '79 it wasn't done by way of computer/iPhone/iPad/smartphone and other electronic communications like which this thread highlights as a theme. Stay on topic girl.
It was 86', point one.

And point two,

I am on topic because intimate stalking is intimate stalking.

It doesn't matter what vehicles are used to do it with.

In fact, you still have to have a telephone to get internet service fool. :D

So internet is a telephone service.
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