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Psychological Projection; Behavior Science
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Topic Started: Apr 19 2015, 01:52 PM (1,465 Views)
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Doctor Magnus Warlock
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Apr 19 2015, 01:52 PM
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Hello Folks,
It has been quite a while since I last posted a Behavior Science topic. Activity on this board has provided me with a proper set of examples to make this latest edition captivating reading.
Let us begin.
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Doctor Magnus Warlock
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Apr 19 2015, 01:58 PM
Post #2
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Psychological projection
Psychological projection is a theory in psychology in which humans defend themselves against unpleasant impulses by denying their existence in themselves, while attributing them to others.[1] For example, a person who is rude may constantly accuse other people of being rude.
According to some research, the projection of one's negative qualities onto others is a common process in everyday life.[2]
Psychoanalytic developments Projection (German: Projektion) was conceptualised by Freud in his letters to Wilhelm Fliess,[9] and further refined by Karl Abraham and Anna Freud. Freud considered that in projection thoughts, motivations, desires, and feelings that cannot be accepted as one's own are dealt with by being placed in the outside world and attributed to someone else.[10] What the ego repudiates is split off and placed in another.[11]
Theoretical examples Projection tends to come to the fore in normal people at times of crisis, personal or political,[17] but is more commonly found in the neurotic or psychotic[18]—in personalities functioning at a primitive level as in narcissistic personality disorder or borderline personality disorder.[19]
Practical examples
Bullying: A bully may project his/her own feelings of vulnerability onto the target(s) of the bullying activity. Despite the fact that a bully's typically denigrating activities are aimed at the bully's targets, the true source of such negativity is ultimately almost always found in the bully's own sense of personal insecurity and/or vulnerability.[25] Such aggressive projections of displaced negative emotions can occur anywhere from the micro-level of interpersonal relationships, all the way up through to the macro-level of international politics, or even international armed conflict.[20]
Projection of general guilt: Projection of a severe conscience[26] is another form of defence, one which may be linked to the making of false accusations, personal or political.[20]
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Psychological_projection
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Doctor Magnus Warlock
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Apr 19 2015, 02:03 PM
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What Is Psychological Projection?
Psychological projection is a form of defense mechanism in which someone attributes thoughts, feelings, and ideas which are perceived as undesirable to someone else. For example, someone who harbors racist ideas while believing that racism is socially undesirable might come to believe that a friend is racist, projecting his or her racism onto the other person. Projection may manifest in all kinds of ways, and while it may be a defense mechanism, it can also be very destructive.
The concept of projection was developed by Dr. Sigmund Freud, a noted figure in the field of psychology. Dr. Freud believed that people used psychological projection to reduce their own stress or feelings of guilt, thus protecting themselves psychologically. This psychological phenomenon is sometimes referred to as “Freudian projection” in reference to Dr. Freud's work in the field.
In a general sense, psychological projection can mean that people assume that other people share their thoughts or beliefs, good or bad. For example, someone who likes dogs might assume that all people like dogs, or an unfaithful spouse might conclude that everyone is unfaithful, since this would reflect his or her own experiences. As a defense mechanism, this allows people to feel more comfortable about themselves because they think they see traits in common with others.
Being aware of psychological projection in interpersonal relationships can be very important. Before attributing thoughts or ideas to someone else, you may want to reflect on whether those beliefs can also be seen in yourself. If they can, there's a chance that you might be projecting, and you may want to seek out a more reliable source on what someone else is thinking.
Projection can take a range of forms. For instance, if you find that you dislike someone, you may decide that he or she doesn't like you, responding to social norms which dictate that people should all like each other and get along. By deciding that this person doesn't like you, you can justify your decision not to like him or her, thereby setting yourself up for a self-fulfilling prophecy, because most people end up disliking the people who dislike them, even if they didn't start out that way. Projection may also cause you to assume that other people are as competent as you are at a specific task, or to think that other people share your political and social beliefs.
http://www.wisegeek.org/what-is-psychological-projection.htm
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Doctor Magnus Warlock
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Apr 19 2015, 02:07 PM
Post #4
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Psychological projection
Projection is the psychological phenomenon where someone denies some aspect of their behavior or attitudes and assumes instead that others are doing or thinking so. It is usually seen as the externalisation of a person's negative traits, placing blame on an outside force such as the environment, a government, a society or other people.
Another common forum for projection is in internet arguments, where it is usually pathetically obvious to everyone except the projector.[1] In that context, the phenomenon may be called mirror-imaging.
http://rationalwiki.org/wiki/Psychological_projection
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Doctor Magnus Warlock
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Apr 19 2015, 02:08 PM
Post #5
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Projection
Projection is a defense mechanism that involves taking our own unacceptable qualities or feelings and ascribing them to other people. For example, if you have a strong dislike for someone, you might instead believe that he or she does not like you. Projection works by allowing the expression of the desire or impulse, but in a way that the ego cannot recognize, therefore reducing anxiety.
http://psychology.about.com/od/theoriesofpersonality/ss/defensemech_7.htm
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Doctor Magnus Warlock
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Apr 19 2015, 02:16 PM
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Psychological Projection: Dealing With Undesirable Emotions How To Recognize and Avoid This Defense Mechanism By Jennifer Beauman Published January 03, 2008
Jessica knows that she has to be nice to Carla for her husband’s sake. Over time, however, Jessica begins to notice that Carla does not like her either.
Whenever there is a family gathering, Jessica thinks that Carla is being snippy with her, especially when Jessica’s husband is in the room. Jessica explains to her husband that she has tried as hard as she can, but the reason why she does not like Carla is because Carla does not like her. As you can see, Jessica has projected her feelings of dislike and resentment onto Carla.
Why Do We Project? As mentioned earlier, projection is used as a defense mechanism, and defense mechanisms are used to cope with feelings and emotions that we have trouble expressing or coming to terms with.
To return to the Jessica and Carla example: Jessica has a hard time coming to terms with the fact that she resents her sister-in-law. She may feel guilty about being jealous of the time Carla spends with her husband, or she may worry that her feelings will be noticed by other members of the family, who will then think badly of her. Jessica then subconsciously projects her feelings onto Carla which gives her an excuse for disliking her. Instead of having to face these feelings of dislike and resentment on her own, she is able to project her feelings on another person.
Psychological projection is one of many defense mechanisms people engage in on a regular basis.
http://www.lifescript.com/well-being/articles/p/psychological_projection_dealing_with_undesirable_emotions.aspx
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Doctor Magnus Warlock
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Apr 19 2015, 02:18 PM
Post #7
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* Projection This involves individuals attributing their own thoughts, feeling and motives to another person. Thoughts most commonly projected onto another are ones that would cause guilt such as aggressive and sexual fantasies or thoughts. For instance, you might hate someone, but your superego tells you that such hatred is unacceptable. You can 'solve' the problem by believing that they hate you.
http://www.simplypsychology.org/defense-mechanisms.html
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Doctor Magnus Warlock
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Apr 19 2015, 02:25 PM
Post #8
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Projection
Description When a person has uncomfortable thoughts or feelings, they may project these onto other people, assigning the thoughts or feelings that they need to repress to a convenient alternative target.
Projection may also happen to obliterate attributes of other people with which we are uncomfortable. We assume that they are like us, and in doing so we allow ourselves to ignore those attributes they have with which we are uncomfortable.
Neurotic projection is perceiving others as operating in ways one unconsciously finds objectionable in yourself.
Complementary projection is assuming that others do, think and feel in the same way as you.
Complimentary projection is assuming that others can do things as well as you.
Projection also appears where we see our own traits in other people, as in the false consensus effect. Thus we see our friends as being more like us than they really are.
Example
I do not like another person. But I have a value that says I should like everyone. So I project onto them that they do not like me. This allows me to avoid them and also to handle my own feelings of dislike.
An unfaithful husband suspects his wife of infidelity.
A woman who is attracted to a fellow worker accuses the person of sexual advances.
Discussion
Projecting thoughts or emotions onto others allows the person to consider them and how dysfunctional they are, but without feeling the attendant discomfort of knowing that these thoughts and emotions are their own. We can thus criticize the other person, distancing ourselves from our own dysfunction.
One explanation is that the ego perceives dysfunction from 'somewhere' and then seeks to locate that somewhere. The super ego warns of punishment if that somewhere is internal, so the ego places it in a more acceptable external place - often in convenient other people.
Projection turns neurotic or moral anxiety into reality anxiety, which is easier to deal with.
Projection is a common attribute of paranoia, where people project dislike of themselves onto others such that they believe that most other people dislike them.
Projection helps justify unacceptable behavior, for example where a person claims that they are sticking up for themselves amongst a group of aggressive other people.
Empathy, where a person experiences the perceived emotions of others, may be considered as a 'reverse' form of projection, where a person projects other people onto themselves. Identification may also be a form of reverse projection.
Projection is one of Anna Freud's original defense mechanisms.
So what?
To work authentically with other people, avoid projecting your woes onto them. When you see others in a negative light, think: are you projecting? Also understand that when others criticizing you, they may well be criticizing a projection of themselves.
When others are using projection, you can hold up a mirror to show them what they are doing. As usual, this may well be met with other forms of resistance.
http://changingminds.org/explanations/behaviors/coping/projection.htm
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Doctor Magnus Warlock
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Apr 19 2015, 02:37 PM
Post #9
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The Internet and Psychological Projection
I have no qualifications in psychology and no medical qualifications, and diagnosis at a distance of a named individual is unethical and illegal. However, I can read about psychology and try to understand the mentality of people who hide behind anonymity or attack people whom they do not know and have never met, and whose work they are not technically competent to understand, or have never read at all, or rely on paranoid comment on that work, or pretend to have read it. I think that such conduct is a form of what Freud termed “psychological projection”, or in modern psychology the “false consensus effect”. Freud thought that motivations that cannot be accepted as one’s own are placed in the outside world and attributed to someone else. For example, projection of a bad conscience leads to false accusation. The net is currently unpoliced, so is saturated with false accusation. A bully projects vulnerability on to a victim, so the net is saturated with bullying. Projection accompanies neurosis or paranoia and borderline personality disorder. These are personalities functioning at a primitive level. Freud’s view has developed into the false consensus effect, which means that humans have a broad tendency to believe that others are similar to themselves, and project personal traits on to others. Projection is a common attribute of paranoia, when people project dislike of themselves on to others. For example if people are failures they must ensure that all others are failures too, so they belittle achievement in others. We have all experienced this kind of behaviour. Paranoia is a trait where people believe that most others dislike them. An example of projection is when you are told of your motives by people who do not know you, have never met you, do not understand your work, and have never read your work except through the paranoid comments of others who in turn do not understand the work. In the worst cases paranoid projection fires off crude abuse or insults at the computer, in order to spread the insult worldwide. Usually no one reads the insult, or if they do, are instantly repelled and disgusted. Paranoid groups feed off themselves on the internet, as in a mob, talking mainly to themselves. More accurately typing to themselves in a small room. The walls of the room give a false sense of security. I think that these analyses in psychology refer to the “subconscious” of Freud. The desire to brand and destroy others by deliberately false accusation is commonplace, but that is a deliberate or conscious activity, prevalent in a totalitarian regime. An area of dogmatic thought like standard physics is one such regime. The internet is a perfect vehicle for paranoid projection because it can be made without having to confront the victim. The latter if accosted in the street would certainly call the police, or act in self defence. The internet at present is a place where there is no policing. So paranoid projection or deliberate false accusation can be posted easily under the guise of anonymity, or half anonymity, in which a person gives a name but no street address. The false consensus effect is commonplace in contemporary theoretical physics, in which a theory can be spread quickly around the world, and by use of the media made to look as if it is accepted by all. So we are led to the archetypical question of false consensus: how can all those scientists be wrong? Then the original thinker is automatically placed on the fringe, irrespective of whether that individual’s work has been read or not, or whether it is correct or not or Baconian or merely cult science. The individual is then branded as evil, or insane, or criminal, or conspiratorial, or a corrupt influence in science. The antidote to all this paranoid projection is rigorous scholarship and Baconian science, and the common sense measures of not ever reading the paranoia. If someone is psychologically disturbed, most people can detect the fact instantly, and are immediately wary. The police do not do their job on the internet, so lawful self defence without the police is necessary. The most efficient form of self defence is non response, or even better, a defence based on totally ignoring the disturbed personality. Nothing annoys them more, to be a little whimsical.
https://drmyronevans.wordpress.com/2013/08/25/the-internet-and-psychological-projection/
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Doctor Magnus Warlock
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Apr 19 2015, 03:06 PM
Post #10
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Let us apply examples from this very board.
In this case, we have Strudel, engaging in the very activity he is admonishing another poster of.
Instead of coming to terms with his own desire to follow others around, and post insulting comments their way, even when the objects of his scorn were not even addressing him.
- emotions' SOLE controller
- Jan 5 2015, 11:12 AM
Nope.
Since you login this morning just like you did in 2014, harassing members who aren't ever bothering you/plus you will call them clones next...then I will not get new material about your miserable life.
I will continue whipping your racist-head with the same nukes I bombed you with in 2014.
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