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Rarest types of locomotion
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Topic Started: Jun 22 2017, 09:57 AM (1,181 Views)
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Hybrid
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Jun 22 2017, 06:06 PM
Post #16
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Obligatory mention that bipedal locomotion itself is pretty weird and uncommon, only being found in a small handful of mostly hopping mammals, various groups of dinosaurs, and... nope, that's prettymuch it, off the top of my head, am I forgetting something? The upright human walking stance in particular is completely unheard of, although surprisingly efficient.
How would you define rare in that instance. Bipedalism has evolved quiet a few times, as mention by you and D. You did say uncommon though, but I wouldn't say its too weird given the number of times it has evolved. It's about as weird as losing limbs entirely, which also has happened a lot.
But then what's weird? The norm for tetrapods is quadrupedism, so everything straying from the norm would be considered odd.
Swimming with an up-and-down motion has only appeared few times, so you could consider that rare. It's not even like that's what only mammals can do, considering otter shrews swim side-to-side. Certainly not the rarest locomotion though, but it's something.
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HangingThief
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Jun 22 2017, 07:42 PM
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- StellarInsect
- Jun 22 2017, 10:15 AM
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- Jun 22 2017, 10:07 AM
I think the flic-flac spider and the rock-climbing goby (which climbs up the sides of waterfalls using its mouth) are both pretty cool and unusual. My favourite, which is a very recent observation and I'm not aware of any research into it at all, is caterpillar group locomotion, though. It might be more efficient for them to move in a heap like this, as caterpillars cycle from top to bottom and the whole group moves a bit like a wheel. Very much unconfirmed though.
Some fungus gnat larvae use the same locomotion as the caterpillars. But I am not aware of any other insects that is similar.
The fungus gnat maggot swarms are pretty crazy. Might have more to do with moisture conservation than increasing the efficiency of movement. Or it could be some of both.
I'd like to point out that the caterpillars don't appear to be caterpillars at all. If you look closely you can see that they have more than five pairs of prolegs. They might be some sort of sawfly. (A herbivorous hymenopteran with free living caterpillar-like larvae.) Might explain why there's no apparent research into that "caterpillar" swarming behavior... probably still unresearched though.
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WaterWitch
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Jun 22 2017, 07:51 PM
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Moving on a singular foot is only seen with Gastropods as far as i know, I could be completely wrong though.
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Tartarus
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Jun 23 2017, 05:19 AM
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- Jun 22 2017, 11:20 AM
It evolved in pseudosuchians at least three times (ornithosuchids, derived poposauroids and rauisuchids), compared to ornithodirans where it only evolved once. Wasn't Scleromochlus a bipedal ornithodiran but on a separate branch from the dinosaurs (being closer to pterosaurs)? It would have evolved its bipedalism independently from the dinosauromorphs.
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HangingThief
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Jun 23 2017, 07:45 AM
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Moving on a singular foot is only seen with Gastropods as far as i know, I could be completely wrong though. That's a form of ciliate locomotion, which is pretty common.
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Chuditch
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Jun 23 2017, 07:57 AM
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- Nanotyranus
- Jun 22 2017, 10:06 AM
Rolling is pretty infrequent- there's pebble toads and carwheel spiders that do it, but I can't think of any others. I can't think of any others either. I know that carwheel spiders and pebble frogs only use their rolling to escape danger though. But that is as close as you can get to sustained rolling.
However, I have heard of 2 other rolling animals. One is the hoop snake, an Australian cryptid, or more properly put, mythical creature, and a raccoon I once saw on YouTube rolling through a house.
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Jun 23 2017, 09:20 AM
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- Jun 23 2017, 05:19 AM
Wasn't Scleromochlus a bipedal ornithodiran but on a separate branch from the dinosaurs (being closer to pterosaurs)? It would have evolved its bipedalism independently from the dinosauromorphs. That would require the ancestral ornithodire to be a quadruped, which there isn't really any evidence for. The basal dinosauromorphs are bipedal, and if Scleromochlus indeed represents a basal pterosauromorph, that would imply that bipedalism is the ancestral state for Ornithodira, since basal members of both lines exhibit it.
Scleromochlus could alternatively be on the dinosauromorph stem, which would leave things more ambiguous on the state of the ancestral ornithodire posture but would regardless leave all our known basal ornithodires as bipeds anyway. Scleromochlus could even sit outside of Ornithodira, before the dinosauromorph-pterosauromorph split, but then with a small biped just outside of the group, and small bipeds at the base of line within the group, it would still be more parsimonious to assume bipedalism had evolved once in Avemetatarsalia and was retained in the ancestor of Ornithodira.
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trex841
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Jun 23 2017, 02:23 PM
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- Jun 23 2017, 07:57 AM
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Rolling is pretty infrequent- there's pebble toads and carwheel spiders that do it, but I can't think of any others.
I can't think of any others either. I know that carwheel spiders and pebble frogs only use their rolling to escape danger though. But that is as close as you can get to sustained rolling. However, I have heard of 2 other rolling animals. One is the hoop snake, an Australian cryptid, or more properly put, mythical creature, and a raccoon I once saw on YouTube rolling through a house.
I believe Mantis Shrimp can also roll when they are on land, though I don't know where the article where I read that is.
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Jun 23 2017, 03:48 PM
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it would still be more parsimonious to assume bipedalism had evolved once in Avemetatarsalia and was retained in the ancestor of Ornithodira. Aren't ornithodira and avemetatsaralia the same thing?
Anyway, I would like to point out that, in a way, legs as a whole are rare. After all they only evolved twice (tetrapods and panarthropods). But legged organisms have become so widespread, that they appear to be the norm.
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Jun 23 2017, 04:20 PM
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Avemetatarsalia is everything closer to birds than crocodiles; Ornithodira is the last common ancestor of dinosaurs and pterosaurs. So in general they're very similar, but Aphanosauria and maybe a couple other standalone taxa are outside of the latter but within the former. All ornithodirans are avemetatarsalians, but a few avemetatarsalians aren't orntihodirans.
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Jun 23 2017, 05:35 PM
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- Jun 23 2017, 04:20 PM
Avemetatarsalia is everything closer to birds than crocodiles; Ornithodira is the last common ancestor of dinosaurs and pterosaurs. So in general they're very similar, but Aphanosauria and maybe a couple other standalone taxa are outside of the latter but within the former. All ornithodirans are avemetatarsalians, but a few avemetatarsalians aren't orntihodirans. Oh, I see. If there any information on the transition between generic "croc looking archosaurs and early avemetatsaralians?
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Projects Punga: A terraformed world with no vertebrates Last one crawling: The last arthropod
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Quotes "Arthropod respiratory systems aren't really "inefficient", they're just better suited to their body size. It would be quite inefficient for a tiny creature that can easily get all the oxygen it needs through passive diffusion to have a respiratory system that wastes energy on muscles that pump air into sacs. (Hence why lungless salamanders, uniquely miniscule and hyperabundant tetrapods, have ditched their lungs in favor of breathing with their skin and buccal mucous membranes.) But large, active insects already use muscles to pump air in and out of their spiracles, and I don't see why their tracheae couldn't develop pseudo- lungs if other conditions pressured them to grow larger."-HangingTheif
"Considering the lifespans of modern non- insect arthropods (decade-old old millipedes, 50 year old tarantulas, 100+ year old lobsters) I wouldn't be surprised if Arthropleura had a lifespan exceeding that of a large testudine"-HangingTheif
"Humans have a tribal mindset and it's not alien for tribes to war on each other. I mean, look at the atrocities chimpanzee tribes do to each other. Most of people's groupings and big conflicts in history are directly or obliquely manifestations of this tribal mindset."-Sceynyos-yis
"He's the leader of the bunch You know his Coconut Gun is finally back to fire in spurts. His Coconut Gun Can make you smile If he shoots ya it's firing in spurts. His Coconut Gun Is bigger, faster, stronger too! He's the gun member of the Coconut Crew! HUH!
C.G.! Coconut Gun! C.G.! Co-Coconut Gun! Shoot yourself with a Coconut Gun! HUH!"-Kamineigh
"RIP, rest in Peytoia."-Little
"In Summary: Piss on Lovecraft's racist grave by making lewds of Cthulhu and Nyarlathotep.
Then eat arby's and embrace the void."-Kamineigh
"Dougal Dixon rule 34."-Sayornis
Phylogeny of the arthropods and some related groups
In honor of the greatest clade of all time
More pictures
Other cool things
All African countries can fit into Brazil
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ÐK
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Jun 23 2017, 05:49 PM
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Not especially, since Aphanosauria has only very recently been recognised. Prior to earlier this year, Avemetatarsalia and Ornithodira encompassed the same set of animals, namely just the pterosaurs and dinosauromorphs. The new material from Teleocrater and recognition that other previously miscellaneous archosauriforms form a clade of basal avemetatarsalians is a crucial piece of the puzzle, but we're only just beginning to uncover what was going on in the early evolution of Avemetatarsalia.
At the very least the discovery of Teleocrater and other aphanosaurs suggests that the evolution of the avemetarsalian ankle is much more complicated than initially assumed, with numerous basal taxa representing unusual mixes of the crocodile- and bird-ankles. How they developed fully erect limbs and a bipedal stance remains unknown for now.
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Inceptis
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Jun 23 2017, 09:14 PM
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Jellyfish actually don't use jet propulsion, though I'm not sure about siphonophores and the more derived cubozoans, such as my avatar. Instead, they create a pocket of low-pressure that pulls them along. Hagfish do something similar, but otherwise I've heard nothing else about it. It has to be pretty efficient since medusozoans, literal bags of gel, evolved it, and they were more or less the first macroscopic swimming things on the planet.
Also, some caterpillars use ballistic rolling, which is what the hoop snake supposedly does.
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The Hundred Thousand Acre Woods: We're going on an expotition... Roald Island: Snozzwangers and Whangdoodles aplenty(Please don't feed the nerds). The Candleverse: Like The Library, but with candles. Basura: Also like The Library, but with trash and lost things. From Scratch: We all drew monsters as children...
More serious projects Rivun: Qhoths on Rivun, evermore. Pelagia: Earth's mirror twin Calida: Looking to where you first began can reveal what's gone unnoticed. The first exoplanet ever found has a lukewarm sibling... Spyra: Few things are stranger than jellyfish, especially when they apologize. Canto: A planemo carrying the seeds of life is adopted by an elderly red dwarf couple. Music ensues. (?) Methuselah: Much is still in the works, given that life doesn't evolve on a planet.
GD: It shall be revived when I revive it.
Spoiler: click to toggle Quotes
Insect Illuminati Get Shrekt - Archean life boi
Corecin - This is why this timeline is infamous, as it brought back every memory of the 'Jurassic Zebra' thread, and we can never forget about it, we thus nuked the planet and never looked back, turning our sights to other timelines.
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IIGSY
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Jun 23 2017, 09:30 PM
Post #29
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A huntsman spider that wastes time on the internet because it has nothing better to do
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- Also known as:
- Anomonys
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Don't hagfish just do regular swimming via undulations of the body like almost every other vertebrate/craniate?
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Projects Punga: A terraformed world with no vertebrates Last one crawling: The last arthropod
ARTH-6810: A world without vertebrates (It's ded, but you can still read I guess)
Potential ideas- Swamp world: A world covered in lakes, with the largest being caspian sized. Nematozoic: After a mass extinction of ultimate proportions, a single species of nematode is the only surviving animal. Tri-devonian: A devonian like ecosystem with holocene species on three different continents.
Quotes "Arthropod respiratory systems aren't really "inefficient", they're just better suited to their body size. It would be quite inefficient for a tiny creature that can easily get all the oxygen it needs through passive diffusion to have a respiratory system that wastes energy on muscles that pump air into sacs. (Hence why lungless salamanders, uniquely miniscule and hyperabundant tetrapods, have ditched their lungs in favor of breathing with their skin and buccal mucous membranes.) But large, active insects already use muscles to pump air in and out of their spiracles, and I don't see why their tracheae couldn't develop pseudo- lungs if other conditions pressured them to grow larger."-HangingTheif
"Considering the lifespans of modern non- insect arthropods (decade-old old millipedes, 50 year old tarantulas, 100+ year old lobsters) I wouldn't be surprised if Arthropleura had a lifespan exceeding that of a large testudine"-HangingTheif
"Humans have a tribal mindset and it's not alien for tribes to war on each other. I mean, look at the atrocities chimpanzee tribes do to each other. Most of people's groupings and big conflicts in history are directly or obliquely manifestations of this tribal mindset."-Sceynyos-yis
"He's the leader of the bunch You know his Coconut Gun is finally back to fire in spurts. His Coconut Gun Can make you smile If he shoots ya it's firing in spurts. His Coconut Gun Is bigger, faster, stronger too! He's the gun member of the Coconut Crew! HUH!
C.G.! Coconut Gun! C.G.! Co-Coconut Gun! Shoot yourself with a Coconut Gun! HUH!"-Kamineigh
"RIP, rest in Peytoia."-Little
"In Summary: Piss on Lovecraft's racist grave by making lewds of Cthulhu and Nyarlathotep.
Then eat arby's and embrace the void."-Kamineigh
"Dougal Dixon rule 34."-Sayornis
Phylogeny of the arthropods and some related groups
In honor of the greatest clade of all time
More pictures
Other cool things
All African countries can fit into Brazil
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Inceptis
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Jun 23 2017, 09:37 PM
Post #30
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- Posts:
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- Also known as:
- Inceptus (SE Ministry of Truth)
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I'm positive of this. Besides, their skin is so baggy that low pressure swimming is probably more effective than via undulations.
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This was getting fairly big.
Spoiler: click to toggle Projects No link= doesn't exist yet Partial link= little or no information yet
The Hundred Thousand Acre Woods: We're going on an expotition... Roald Island: Snozzwangers and Whangdoodles aplenty(Please don't feed the nerds). The Candleverse: Like The Library, but with candles. Basura: Also like The Library, but with trash and lost things. From Scratch: We all drew monsters as children...
More serious projects Rivun: Qhoths on Rivun, evermore. Pelagia: Earth's mirror twin Calida: Looking to where you first began can reveal what's gone unnoticed. The first exoplanet ever found has a lukewarm sibling... Spyra: Few things are stranger than jellyfish, especially when they apologize. Canto: A planemo carrying the seeds of life is adopted by an elderly red dwarf couple. Music ensues. (?) Methuselah: Much is still in the works, given that life doesn't evolve on a planet.
GD: It shall be revived when I revive it.
Spoiler: click to toggle Quotes
Insect Illuminati Get Shrekt - Archean life boi
Corecin - This is why this timeline is infamous, as it brought back every memory of the 'Jurassic Zebra' thread, and we can never forget about it, we thus nuked the planet and never looked back, turning our sights to other timelines.
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| 1 user reading this topic (1 Guest and 0 Anonymous)
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