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how well would ratites fare?
Topic Started: Jan 13 2017, 10:10 AM (2,001 Views)
deathmetalfan6
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if you don't know what ratites are they are the large flightless birds. ostriches, emus, rheas, cassowaries, kiwis, and the extinct moas and elephant birds. when i first saw the future is wild i was very fascinated by the carakillers, the evolved form of the caracara. i think its really cool that a bird that once flew lost its wings and became a ground hunter. ratites have kinda gone the same path in real life, they had ancestors that flew but over time they became built for running and lost their ability to fly. the more endangered ratites like cassowaries probably won't do so hot but i can easily imagine the more common ratites like emus and rheas giving up their omnivorous diets and taking on the role of top predators if large mammal predators die out over time because they are very strong and fast birds. thats just my idea, what do you guys think?
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Rodlox
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kusanagi
Jul 21 2017, 04:01 PM
OK it is my fault if I fail to communicate well in English.
your English is very good for *anyone*. we've encountered native L1 English speakers who stumbled more than you.
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Archeoraptor
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you are assuming that if lithornids are well fliers and ratites not,its common ancestor was a good flier,and if it was not it shows ratites could develop it again as lithornids qnd lots it again
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the is not good of evil only nature and change,the evolution of all livings beings"
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LittleLazyLass
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All the classification and biogeography aside, because it's all quite irrelevant for future evolution (in an alternate evolution scenario, that actually is very important), the question of what ratites will do going forward is an interesting one. Ratites with their wings flew all over the world, spawning more than half a dozen distinct lineages; but now they're all flightless or at least incapable of crossing large bodies of water, so they're only going to disperse by walking. If, say, ostriches went extinct, Afro-Eurasia isn't getting ratites back until Australia collides in the far future. That said, I don't see any of the major lineages going extinct, with the exception of kiwis.

Beyond where they are, I'm interested in seeing what future morphological innovations could actually happen. We know from the extinct forms that they can get a lot bigger; could this happen with the descendants of the extant forms? Australia has a wide open niche with the extinction of dromornithids (and every other large herbivore), and South American also lost a lot of megafauna, not to mention will likely have more open plains with the retreating Amazon rainforest. Could rheas and emus supersize? What about ostriches, how large can a cursorial bird get while not sacrificing speed?

Further in the future, what happens to the Australian species when Australia eventually collides with Asia and Beringia? How will emus and/or cassowaries (or their potentially very different descendants) do then? Will they spread out into the world, encountering their distant relatives, the ostriches? Will that be a source of competition? How well would all these large flightless birds do in the light of future major extinction events?

There's also tinamous to consider; they're not going extinct any time soon, and although they can't colonize islands, surely they hold other potential? Could some of them also supersize at some point? Or could they potentially adapt in a certain way that'd let them raft to islands instead of flying?
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kusanagi
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Little
Jul 24 2017, 02:33 PM
All the classification and biogeography aside, because it's all quite irrelevant for future evolution (in an alternate evolution scenario, that actually is very important), the question of what ratites will do going forward is an interesting one. Ratites with their wings flew all over the world, spawning more than half a dozen distinct lineages; but now they're all flightless or at least incapable of crossing large bodies of water, so they're only going to disperse by walking. If, say, ostriches went extinct, Afro-Eurasia isn't getting ratites back until Australia collides in the far future. That said, I don't see any of the major lineages going extinct, with the exception of kiwis.

Beyond where they are, I'm interested in seeing what future morphological innovations could actually happen. We know from the extinct forms that they can get a lot bigger; could this happen with the descendants of the extant forms? Australia has a wide open niche with the extinction of dromornithids (and every other large herbivore), and South American also lost a lot of megafauna, not to mention will likely have more open plains with the retreating Amazon rainforest. Could rheas and emus supersize? What about ostriches, how large can a cursorial bird get while not sacrificing speed?

Further in the future, what happens to the Australian species when Australia eventually collides with Asia and Beringia? How will emus and/or cassowaries (or their potentially very different descendants) do then? Will they spread out into the world, encountering their distant relatives, the ostriches? Will that be a source of competition? How well would all these large flightless birds do in the light of future major extinction events?

There's also tinamous to consider; they're not going extinct any time soon, and although they can't colonize islands, surely they hold other potential? Could some of them also supersize at some point? Or could they potentially adapt in a certain way that'd let them raft to islands instead of flying?
It is important: oorganisms cannot evolve as they want they have constraints from their evolutionary history. A moa and a gastornithid adapt to browsing in very different ways with the moa going the long neck and small head route like a sauropodomorph, and gastornithids and dromornithids getting enormous crania with what have ben described as overpowered jaw muscles.
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LittleLazyLass
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Of course, that's obvious; did I ever imply otherwise?
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9Weegee
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Little
Jul 24 2017, 02:33 PM
What about ostriches, how large can a cursorial bird get while not sacrificing speed?


I'm pretty sure larger animals have been able to go at high speeds, but yet retain a large size, for example, gallimimus, which runs about as fast as an ostritch. and without giant arms and a tail to waste energy, the size can probably be larger

Keep in mind that this image is probably the maximum size a Gallimimus would ever get.

Posted Image
Edited by 9Weegee, Jul 26 2017, 03:27 PM.
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Nyarlathotep
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Uh, yeah PW is not a very reliable resource when it comes to paleontological research, including size.

Posted Image

Try actual scientific papers regarding estimates on animal proportions and such. Otherwise you end up with bogus like 14m "Saurophanax" (or Allosaurus maximus more accurately) and shrink wrapped entelodonts.
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9Weegee
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Nyarlathotep
Jul 26 2017, 06:05 PM
Uh, yeah PW is not a very reliable resource when it comes to paleontological research, including size.

Posted Image

Try actual scientific papers regarding estimates on animal proportions and such. Otherwise you end up with bogus like 14m "Saurophanax" (or Allosaurus maximus more accurately) and shrink wrapped entelodonts.
thank you for reminding me
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LittleLazyLass
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The tail is not a "waste of energy" and either way it's absolutely important when it comes to comparing the size potential of a cursorial ornithomimosaur to that of a bird. The tail is required for balance with that long, horizontal anatomy. An ostrich is built far more upright and this has an effect on the center of gravity, which is really important for a lot of things related to maximum size, balance, and running.
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Chuditch
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Just a quick sweep on Australian ratities...

Emu: Not going extinct anytime soon. Their populations have increased greatly now we have provided permanent water and gotten rid of their semi-natural predator, the Dingo. Not becoming a major carnivore any time soon either.
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Just a normal day in Australia!

Southern Cassowary, subspecies johnsonii: Much more likely to become extinct. However, they can be adaptable, even entering into suburbs after cyclones destroy all the food in the rainforest. Speaking of the wet tropics rainforest, without the cassowary, many trees can't distribute their seeds. This means no cassowary, no rainforest. We need to save this bird to save one of the most biodiverse areas in Australia and in the world. Also, not going to become a carnivore in the near future (the Tour of the Neocene project made them evolve into what is basically a velociraptor. Are they serious?).
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Tartarus
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The Gondwanian
Jul 28 2017, 06:05 PM
Also, not going to become a carnivore in the near future (the Tour of the Neocene project made them evolve into what is basically a velociraptor. Are they serious?).
Seeing as cassowaries are already omnivorous (they supplement their mostly fruit-based diet with things like fish, small mammals and even carrion) I don't see why it should be so outrageous to speculate on future carnivorous cassowaries.
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Chuditch
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Tartarus
Jul 28 2017, 06:42 PM
The Gondwanian
Jul 28 2017, 06:05 PM
Also, not going to become a carnivore in the near future (the Tour of the Neocene project made them evolve into what is basically a velociraptor. Are they serious?).
Seeing as cassowaries are already omnivorous (they supplement their mostly fruit-based diet with things like fish, small mammals and even carrion) I don't see why it should be so outrageous to speculate on future carnivorous cassowaries.
I don't see it as outrageous. My point is that they are mainly fruit eaters, and I doubt their claw would become sickle shaped. That's just what I think. Just because they have a stabbing claw, doesn't mean you should assume they are on the path to being a neo-dromaeosaur. Cassowaries have always been pretty much the same, and although I know they could change in the future, I think they would still have a similar niche to their modern relatives. If all large ground predators become extinct in Australia, a antechinus or some other 'marsupial mouse' (they are really tiny killers in disguise) would take over pretty quickly. Those things are pretty damn adaptable.

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Australia's next top predator.
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Rodlox
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The Gondwanian
Jul 28 2017, 07:18 PM
I don't see it as outrageous. My point is that they are mainly fruit eaters, and I doubt their claw would become sickle shaped. That's just what I think. Just because they have a stabbing claw, doesn't mean you should assume they are on the path to being a neo-dromaeosaur. Cassowaries have always been pretty much the same, and although I know they could change in the future, I think they would still have a similar niche to their modern relatives. If all large ground predators become extinct in Australia, a antechinus or some other 'marsupial mouse' (they are really tiny killers in disguise) would take over pretty quickly. Those things are pretty damn adaptable.
no reason why predatory cassowaries can't coexist alongside mega-giant-antechinuses the size of a fat cat.
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LittleLazyLass
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Proud quilt in a bag

Indeed; look at, for example, the several lineages of herbivorous theropods. What were they doing when the sauropods and ornithischians had those niches locked down? What about great apes, what incentive was there to go out onto the dangerous open savannah and start walking completely differently? Evolution can work in weird ways, and eating meat being selected for doesn't sound necessarily crazy.
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Chuditch
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Rodlox
Jul 28 2017, 07:45 PM
The Gondwanian
Jul 28 2017, 07:18 PM
I don't see it as outrageous. My point is that they are mainly fruit eaters, and I doubt their claw would become sickle shaped. That's just what I think. Just because they have a stabbing claw, doesn't mean you should assume they are on the path to being a neo-dromaeosaur. Cassowaries have always been pretty much the same, and although I know they could change in the future, I think they would still have a similar niche to their modern relatives. If all large ground predators become extinct in Australia, a antechinus or some other 'marsupial mouse' (they are really tiny killers in disguise) would take over pretty quickly. Those things are pretty damn adaptable.
no reason why predatory cassowaries can't coexist alongside mega-giant-antechinuses the size of a fat cat.
Yes, but there would probably be other competitors like land-living crocodiles, carnivores like foxes, cats and dingoes, giant goannas, even maybe a diprotodont might develop carnivorous habits (they have in the past). It just doesn't seem likely to me. Plus, why are you all just talking about the cassowary? The emu is just as, if not more likely to become carnivorous. It's more adaptable. The reason why I don't like the velociraptor cassowary is because it's just too predicable and kind of forced.

Yes, carnivorous casuariiformes are a possibility, but aren't likely. That's all I'm saying.
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