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Marsnik 1; 1960 // USSR
Topic Started: Friday 31-07-2009, 00:16 (413 Views)
[Publisher] Magrathean
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Mars > Missions > Marsnik 1 > Index
 
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  1. Index
  2. [go2=missionoverview]Mission overview[/go2]
  3. [go2=spacecraftandinstruments]Spacecraft and instruments[/go2]
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Mars > Missions > Marsnik 1 > Mission overview
 
Objectives
  1. investigate the interplanetary space between Earth and Mars
  2. study Mars and return surface images
  3. study the effects of extended spaceflight on on-board instruments
  4. provide radio communications from long distances




Summary

Launch date: 10 october 1960

Mission status: failed

Marsnik 1 (also known as Korabl 4 or Mars 1960A) was a soviet attempt at a Mars probe. Though some soviet scientists involved with the Marsnik program at the time claim no knowledge of this mission, stating that only Marsnik 2 was an intended Mars mission, V G Perminov --the leading designer of planetary spacecraft at the Lavochkin design bureau-- states that this mission was indeed intended for Mars, was identical to Marsnik 2, and was launched unsuccessfully in october 1960 from the Baikonur Cosmodrome in USSR.

After launch, the third-stage pumps were unable to develop enough thrust to commence ignition; Earth parking orbit was not achieved and the spacecraft was destroyed upon reentry after reaching an altitude of 120 kilometers.
Source: Wikipedia / Marsnik 1
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Mars > Missions > Marsnik 1 > Spacecraft and instruments
 
Marsnik 1 was nearly identical to the Venera 1 design: it had a cylindrical body about two meters high with two solar panel wings, a 2.33-meter high-gain antenna, and a long antenna arm.

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It carried a magnetometer on a boom, a cosmic ray counter, a plasma-ion trap, a radiometer, a micrometeorite detector, and a spectroreflectometer (also known as a spectrophotometer). The latter instrument was to study the possibility of life on Mars. All of these instruments were mounted on the outside of the spacecraft. A photo-television camera was held in a sealed module in the spacecraft and could take pictures through a viewport when a sensor indicated the sunlit side of the martian surface was in view.

Attitude was controlled by a Sun-star sensor; attitude correction was performed by a dimethylhydrazine / nitric acid binary propellant engine. The spacecraft orientation was to be maintained so that the solar panels faced the Sun throughout the flight. A fourth stage was added to the booster: the molniya.

Power was provided by the two-square-meter solar panels, which charged silver-zinc batteries.

Radio communications were made using a decimeter-band transmitter via the high-gain antenna for spacecraft commands and telemetry. Radio bearing was used to maintain the antenna's orientation to Earth. Images were to be transferred using an 8-cm-wavelength transmitter through the high-gain antenna.

The spacecraft weighed about 650 kilograms.
Source: Wikipedia / Marsnik 1
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